在中國(guó)，普通話作為官方語(yǔ)言的地位日益鞏固。然而在英國(guó)，為什么大多數(shù)的英國(guó)人不遵循標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的發(fā)音["standard pronunciation" or RP (received pronunciation)]，卻喜歡操著一口地方口音呢？難道英國(guó)人不認(rèn)為RP English是"perfect English"嗎？可我們中國(guó)人學(xué)英語(yǔ)伊始接觸的卻都是RP English呀。學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確、純正，不能南腔北調(diào)的。難道這種觀念過(guò)時(shí)了嗎？

對(duì)此，BBC的一位發(fā)言人是這么解釋的：RP is an expression which is used in the media and it's the kind of English that used to be spoken on television or radio. In fact RP English is not standard English in the sense that it's not what most people speak. It's very rare that you'll find someone who really speaks RP English, probably the queen is one of the few people who speak that way.

請(qǐng)注意，上面這段話中提到RP used to be spoken on television or radio，"used to be"意味著曾經(jīng)如此，而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不同了。也就是說(shuō)，從使用人數(shù)這個(gè)意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，RP不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)。因?yàn)樗荒芊从辰^大多數(shù)人的講話語(yǔ)音。

那么，RP是從何而來(lái)的？標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音來(lái)源于英國(guó)等級(jí)制度，上層社會(huì)一律要服從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)口音模式，這也就是英國(guó)女王為什么要是RP口音的原因了。

In Britain there are lots of different accents and dialects. Generally speaking you can tell a lot about a person's social, educational and geographical background from the way he or she speaks.

英國(guó)社會(huì)有許多種口音。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，口音能反映一個(gè)人的社會(huì)、教育背景和出生地，你也可以通過(guò)英國(guó)人講話的口音來(lái)判斷其所代表的社會(huì)等級(jí)。

In the past the most prestigious accent was what we call RP but this is no longer as fashionable as it once was.

過(guò)去曾被公認(rèn)的高貴語(yǔ)音（即標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)音），隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，已經(jīng)不再時(shí)髦。如今在英國(guó)的電視和廣播里面，大家可以聽到各種各樣的口音。媒體也流行起地方口音了。There's less pressure now to conform. 外界壓力減小，人們?cè)僖膊恍枰?guī)蹈矩地、拿腔拿調(diào)地去模仿標(biāo)準(zhǔn)口音了。人們不再追求往昔的上流口音，這種變化的原因又是什么呢？

One of the characteristics of British society is that people are often very proud of the class that they are from, if they are working class they are proud of being working class; if they are middle class they are quite proud of being middle class; and if they are upper class they are proud of being upper class. They don't necessarily want to belong to a different class; not everybody wants to be upper class, in fact some people think that upper class people are a little bit silly. This is something that we sometimes called inverse snobbery.

英國(guó)社會(huì)不再那么強(qiáng)調(diào)字正腔圓的純正語(yǔ)音。每個(gè)階層都為自己的口音感到自豪，而中下階層也對(duì)上層社會(huì)的口音表現(xiàn)得不屑一顧。

Even for job interviews, pronunciation is no longer the key to success. Alison Burger is working for a recruitment consultancy and she said as long as you are articulate and eloquent and have the skills, then you get the job.

應(yīng)聘咨詢公司的職位，只要發(fā)音清楚，吐字清楚，能言善辯，就可以贏得工作。所以，英國(guó)現(xiàn)在最流行的口音就是：Don't copy other people's accents, but sometimes adjust your own accent according to different situations.以自己的口音為榮，同時(shí)又能根據(jù)場(chǎng)合調(diào)整口音。

調(diào)查顯示，只有百分之三的英國(guó)人講話是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)音！這么說(shuō)，我們學(xué)英語(yǔ)的人也用不著在語(yǔ)音上下太大的功夫了？Althought you don't have to speak RP, you do need to speak clearly and effectively. 我們至少要做到articulate and eloquent，口齒清楚并且能言善辯。

英國(guó)普通話已經(jīng)不再流行，何時(shí)我們電臺(tái)和廣播里的口音也能百家爭(zhēng)鳴呢？