五、economy/finance/trade/commerce/real estate

(1)trend (2)scale A、number B、times C、percentage

Economy:G(gross大致的)NP國民生產總值 GDP國內生產總值 per capita人均 consumption消費 domestu demand(國)內需(求) stimulate/fuel刺激,拉動 disposable income可支配收入 Gini/Engel Coeffecient基尼/恩格爾指數 inflation通貨膨脹 deflation通貨緊縮 hyperinflation急性通貨膨脹 revenue年/歲收入 turnover營業額 budget預算 deficit赤字/虧損/逆差 surplus盈余/順差 macrocontrol宏觀調控 annual年的

(1)depression蕭條 stagnation停滯 recession倒退 slackness,sluggish,inactive沒有活動,交易不活躍 brisk景氣的 soar,rocket,mushroom,boom,bloom,blosom,surge,spring up,prosper,thrive大幅度攀升 ascend上升 plunge,plump,slump,collapse大幅度下跌,暴跌 drop,fall,decline,shrink,subside,descend下降 fluctuate波動 remain,little changed平穩 dramatically,drastically,tremendously,ultimately,sharply大幅地 slightly輕微地 moderately適中地 gradually逐漸地 successively陸續地

句法結構:(1)subject of change v. adv. time (2)There be a adj. n. + in subject time (3)Time witnessed/saw a adj. n. + in subject (4)country/region/company enjoy/suffer/experience a adj. n. + in subject time(適合筆譯)

Finance:currency貨幣 appreciation升值 depreciation貶值 issue發行 circulation流通 convert...into把...兌換為 foreign exchange reserve外匯儲備 stocks股票 shares股份 shareholder股東 board董事會 listed company上市公司 bear,bull,deer stock exchange證券交易所 futures期貨 funds基金 bonds債券 securities證券 risk風險 crisis危機 fiscal財政的

(2)A、1)reaching No. (the record high/peak歷史最高值) 2)increasing by/to No.增長了/到 No. higher/lower than that of B、double,triple,quadruple, times (that of) e.g.跟95年同期相比增長了6倍 6 times that of the same period of 1995 1)tripled 2)tripling that of year C、1)% of 2)% higher/lower than that of

Trade:volume總額 transaction交易 sanition(貿易)制裁 impose...on對...實施貿易制裁 buyer買家 supplier供貨商 distributor分銷商 wholesaler批發商 retailor零售商 sample樣品 agent代理 offer/counter報/還盤 ceiling price最高價 floor price最低價 bonus獎金 commission傭金 kickback回扣 shipping海運 delivery運貨 freight(空)貨運 tariff關稅 barrier壁壘

Real estate:bubble泡沫 overheating過熱 speculation投機 curb/curtail抑制 by mortgage按揭貨款 by instalment分期付款 downpayment首付 deposit押金 city center市區 down town商業中心 surburb郊區 rural area鄉村 villa別墅 apartment,flat公寓 per square meter每平方米 metro,underground,subway地鐵 LRT輕軌 neglev磁懸浮 trolley bus電車

HW:過去的8年中，中國的房地產業經歷了前所未有的泡沫現象和過熱問題。以上海為例，8年前，每平方米房價不過4千，而現在已經漲到了9800元。這對于那些月薪不足4000元但又可望在上海擁有一套自己的、像樣的棲身之所的工薪階層來說是難以承受的負擔。有鑒于此，上海市政府出臺并實施了一系列措施，如提高利率、增加房產稅等來抑制投機行為，目前已經取得了初步的成效。

The past 8 years witnessed unprecedented real estate bubble and overheating.Taken Shanghai as an example,the averal housing price 8 years ago was nerely 4000RMB per square meter,but 9800 now,which is underaffordable burden to those wage-owners with no more than 4000 monthly income who long for possessing a decent apartment of their own in Shanghai.Considering this,Shanghai municiple government put forward and carry out a series of measures including raising interest rate and real estate tax aiming to curb the speculation,the initial effects of which are shown.

省略句:e.g.1)China is America's fourth trade partner and America China's second. 2)Asia enjoys the fasted economic growth in the world,China in Asia,Shanghai in China,and Pudong in Shanghai.

補充:enterprises企業 entrepreneur企業家 solely-funded獨資 joint venture合資 cooperated合作 state-owned國有