Talks and Conversations 2

Hi, welcome, today I am going to talk about how children learn social behaviors. Especially how they learn lessons from the family, which is the most basic unit of our social structure. There is a lot of discussion these days about how families are changing and whether non-traditional families have a good or bad effect on children. But it is important to remember that the type of family a child comes from is not nearly as important as the kind of love and support that exist in a home. There are three ways by which children acquire their behavior through rewards, punishments and finally modeling. In today’s lecture, let‘s first discuss rewards. A reward can be defined as a positive reinforcement for good behavior. An example of a reward is when a parent says, “If you eat your vegetables, you can have ice cream for dessert”. Or a parent might say, “Finish your homework first, then you can watch TV.” Most parents use rewards unconsciously because they want their children to behave well. For example, a parent might give a gift to a child, because the child behaved well. Or parents may give a child money for doing what the parents asked.

Questions:
15. What is discussed in the lecture?
16. According to the talk , what is more important for children to learn good social behaviors?
17. There are three ways by which children acquire their behavior. Which one is discussed in detail in the talk?
18. Which of the following is not a positive reinforcement for good behavior?

【評析】
本篇文章內(nèi)容難度適中。雖然其中穿插長句子。但是問題答案都是文章中可以直接聽出來的。舉例說明能幫助大家很好的理解內(nèi)容。因此在聽的時候，要有上下文的概念，前面如有長句沒聽懂，注意后面的例子說明。全文的意思就一目了然了。
本篇話題是“孩子如何學(xué)習(xí)社會行為”。主要集中的講的是家庭這個社會單元對孩子行為的影響。并且提到孩子學(xué)習(xí)社會行為的三種方式：獎勵、懲罰、模范。本課中主要講的是“獎勵”這種方式。

關(guān)鍵詞：
Social behavior 社會行為，社交行為
Social structure 社會結(jié)構(gòu)