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2009年5月英語二級《筆譯實務》試題
Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英譯漢）
Part A Compulsory Translation（必譯題）
There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumperharvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10percent.
By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 twomonths ago.
Such is the volatility of today's markets. We do not know how high food prices might go,nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to oneof scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world hadgrown accustomed to any time soon.
Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,” thepoorest of the world's poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spend two-thirds oftheir income on food.
In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag.Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that's all they can afford.
Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw agovernment working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies,helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women's cooperative running a chickenfarm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways thatcan easily be replicated.
Elsewhere, I saw yet another women's group slowly expanding their local agriculturalproduction, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their ownhome-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.
These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kindof solutions that Africa needs.
Part B Optional Translation（二選一題）
Topic 1 （選題一）
For a decade, metallurgists studying the hulk of the Titanic have argued that the storiedocean liner went down quickly after hitting an iceberg because the ship's builder usedsubstandard rivets that popped their heads and let tons of icy seawater rush in. More than 1,500people died.
Now a team of scientists has moved into deeper waters, uncovering evidence in thebuilder's own archives of a deadly mix of great ambition and use of low-quality iron thatdoomed the ship, which sank 96 years ago Tuesday.
The scientists found that the ship's builder, Harland and Wolff, in Belfast, struggled foryears to obtain adequate supplies of rivets and riveters to build the world's three biggest ships atonce: the Titanic and two sisters, Olympic and Britannic.
Each required three million rivets, and shortages peaked during Titanic's construction.
"The board was in crisis mode," said Jennifer Hooper McCarty, a member of the team thatstudied the company's archive and other evidence. "It was constant stress. Every meeting it was,'There's problems with the rivets, and we need to hire more people.' "
The team collected other clues from 48 Titanic rivets, using modern tests, computersimulations, comparisons to century-old metals and careful documentation of what engineersand shipbuilders of the era considered state of the art.
The scientists say the troubles began when the colossal plans forced Harland and Wolff toreach beyond its usual suppliers of rivet iron and include smaller forges, as disclosed incompany and British government papers. Small forges tended to have less skill and experience.
Adding to the threat, the company, in buying iron for Titanic's rivets, ordered No. 3 bar,known as "best," not No. 4, known as "best-best," the scientists found. They also discoveredthat shipbuilders of the day typically used No. 4 iron for anchors, chains and rivets.
So the liner, whose name was meant to be synonymous with opulence, in at least oneinstance relied on cheap materials.
The scientists argue that better rivets would have probably kept the Titanic afloat longenough for rescuers to have arrived before the icy plunge, saving hundreds of lives.
Topic 2（選題二）
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