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2005年11月三級筆譯實務真題
Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (英譯漢) (60 points)
The Gap between Rich and Poor Widened in U.S. Capital
Washington D.C. ranks first among the 40 cities with the widest gap between the poor and the rich, according to a recent report released by the D.C. Fiscal Policy Institute on July 22nd. The top 20 percent of households in D.C. have an average yearly income of $186,830, 31 times that of the bottom 20 percent, which earns only $6,126 per year. The income gap is also big in Atlanta and Miami, but the difference is not as pronounced.
The report also indicates that the widening gap occurred mainly during the 1990s. Over the last decade, the average income of the top 20 percent of households has grown 36 percent, while the average income of the bottom 20 percent has only risen 3 percent.
"I believe the concentration of the middle- to high-income families in the D.C. area will continue, therefore, the income gap between rich and poor will be hard to bridge," David Garrison told the Washington Observer. Garrison is a senior researcher with the Brookings Institution, specializing in the study of the social and economic policies in the greater Washington D.C. area.
The report attributed the persistent income gap in Washington to the area's special job opportunities, which attract high-income households. Especially since the federal government is based in Washington D.C., Government agencies and other government related businesses such as lobbying firms and government contractors constantly offer high-paying jobs, which contribute to the trend of increasing high-income households in the D.C. area. For example, a single young professional working in a law firm in D.C. can earn as much as $100,000 in his or her first year out of law school.
Section 2 Chinese-English Translation (漢譯英) (40 points)
25年來，中國堅定不移地推進改革開放，社會主義市場經濟體制初步建立，開放型經濟已經形成，社會生產力和綜合國力不斷增強，各項社會事業全面發展，人民生活總體上實現了由溫飽到小康的歷史性跨越。從1978年至2003年的25年間，中國經濟年均增長9.4%。25年前，中國年國內生產總值為1473億美元，去年已達到14000多億美元。25年前，中國年進出口貿易總額為206億美元，去年已達到8512億美元。25年前，中國外匯儲備為1.67億美元，去年已達到4033億美元。目前，中國經濟總量居世界第六，進出口貿易總額居世界第四。中國之所以能夠發生這樣巨大的變化，最關鍵的原因是我們始終堅持走中國特色社會主義道路，始終堅持改革開放，激發了全體人民的積極性、主動性、創造性。
中國雖然取得了很大的發展成就，但中國人口多，底子薄，生產力不發達，發展很不平衡，生態環境、自然資源與經濟社會發展的矛盾比較突出。雖然中國人均國內生產總值已經突破1000美元，但仍排在世界一百位以后。中國要實現現代化，使全體人民都過上富裕生活，還需要進行長期不懈的艱苦奮斗。
我們已經明確了本世紀頭20年的奮斗目標，這就是全面建設惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會，到2020年實現國內生產總值比2000年翻兩番，達到4萬億美元，人均國內生產總值達到3000美元，使經濟更加發展、民主更加健全、科教更加進步、文化更加繁榮、社會更加和諧、人民生活更加殷實。
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