Passage 4

　　Innovation starts at the top， and it is important for leaders to create an environment where innovation is constant， where people have the skills and incentives to think creatively. In doing so， you attract talents that want to contribute to that environment， creating a virtuous cycle for the company. Shanghai's leadership has worked hard to create an environment where businesses can succeed. For example， Shanghai's transportation links to the world， including Pudong International Airport and the new deep water port facility， have achieved world-class status We live in an era where innovation is central to economic growth and prosperity. It is comfortable to hold onto the old ways of doing business. But innovation is hard because it usually leads to change. Innovation requires new ideas， new processes， and new institutions. New technologies and approaches can radically change an existing market， creating new customers and competitions. But innovation and its accompanying disruption can be managed through good leadership， a long term strategy， and good people. President Hu Jintao stated at the beginning of this year that “Innovation is the core of the nation's competitiveness.”

　　創新從領導層開始做起。領導層必須營造一個可以不斷創新的環境，以激勵人們的創新思維。 這樣的環境可以吸引那些樂于創新的人才，從而使公司得到良性發展。 上海的領導努力為企業營造可取得成功的環境。例如，浦東國際機場和新的深水港等設施的建立，使上海與世界的交通連接達到了世界級的水平。我們生活在一個以創新驅動經濟發展和繁榮的時代。墨守成規確實舒服愜意，而改革創新則困難重重，因為創新往往引發變革。創新需要新思想，新程序和新機制。新技術和新方法會劇烈的改變現行的市場秩序，既帶來新的公司客戶，也帶來新的競爭對手，但是，如果我們有英明的領導，長期的戰略以及優秀的人才，創新活動及其所伴隨的沖擊是可控的。主席在年初時曾說過：“創新是國家的核心競爭力。”

　　Passage 5

　　What will the role of universities be in this globalized economy? How will they contribute to improving society through innovation that will improve the quality of life and support economic growth? How will they prepare their graduates who will extract the best and explore the greatest in this increasingly complex society? It is important to remember that undergraduate education and post-graduate education are tightly linked to research. Our education programs should ensure that the students are learning in an atmosphere characterized by the pursuit of new knowledge and process of discovery. An interrelated educational program will create a flow of young， bright and uninhibitedminds to work on the frontier of discovery. The fundamental mission of a university is the creation of new knowledge which sometimes has immediate practical applications. But that can never be the only goal. And making it a primary goal will frequently be short-sighted. Basic contributions to knowledge should be valued for being exactly that. Our university has an almost unique role in fostering such contribution. Choosing the right people is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in ensuring an innovative environment. There are three types of people that can be important. The first class of individuals consists of fanciful visionaries. The second class of important people in innovative environment consists of revolutionary explorers.The third class of individuals consists of uninhibited executors.

　　在這個經濟全球化的時代背景下，大學將扮演怎樣的角色呢?大學將如何通過旨在提高生活質量、推動經濟發展的創新活動進而推動社會的進步呢?在這個日新月異、充滿變數的社會，大學又將如何培養那些善于取精用弘的學生呢?我們應該認識到，本科生教育和研究生教育都與研究緊密相連。我們的教育應該為學生創造一種可以探尋新知識、帶來新發現的氛圍，將教學與研究融合在一起的教育可以培養一批活躍在探索前沿、聰穎開放的青年才俊。大學最根本的使命就是創造新知識，雖然大學所創造的新知識有時會立即產生實際應用價值，但這決不是大學所追求的唯一目標。將獲取實際應用價值的目標定位大學的主要目標是一種短視行為。基礎研究也同樣是大學的使命，而且大學在推動基礎研究方面能發揮獨特的作用。選對人是確保創新型研究環境的首要因素，也是最為關鍵的因素。選人要選三種人：第一種人是想法活躍的思想家，第二種人是富有革命精神的探索家，第三種人是不受常規約束的實干家。