第三十八篇 政府機構(gòu)改革

口譯實踐 將下文口譯成英語

作為中國政治體制改革重要組成部分的政府機構(gòu)改革已式拉開了帷幕。政府機構(gòu)改革是深化經(jīng)濟體制改革，促進經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的迫切需要，是國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)制度改革的重要內(nèi)容，也是密切政府同人民群眾聯(lián)系的客觀要求。

China’s government restruction campaign, an important part of political reform in china, has been foomally staged. Restruction in government institutions is urgently needed to deepen economic restructuring and promote economic and social development in china. It constitutes an important aspect of the reform of the state’s leadership system, and a necessity to bring the government closer to the people.

現(xiàn)有政府機構(gòu)設(shè)置的基本框架是在計劃經(jīng)濟體制的條件下逐步形成的。雖然自改革開放以來，進行過多次調(diào)整和改革，取得一些進展，但由于歷史條件限制和宏觀環(huán)境制約，很多問題未能得到根本性的解決。機構(gòu)設(shè)置同社會主義市場經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的矛盾日益突出。這些問題突出表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面。

The basic framework of current government institutions were formed gradually during the time when the country’s economy was perdominantly a planned one. Although china has adjusted and reformed government institutions on many occasions and made some progress in government restructuring since its implementation of reform and openning policies, many problems have not been foundamentally solved due to the restrictions imposed by historical conditions and general environment. Consequently, the incompatibilities of government institutions to the development of socialist market economy have become increasing apparent. The following problems are most conspicous in this regard.

第一，政府機構(gòu)重疊龐大，人浮于事的現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，這不僅滋生官僚主義和文牘主義，助長貪污腐敗和不正之風(fēng)，也給國家財政造成了沉重的負擔(dān)。

First, a bloated size and whelmed-organization of government institutions with overlapping functions and serious overstaffing have given rise to bereaucracy and red-tape, bribe and curruption, promoted unhealthy practices and created a heavy financial burden on the state.

第二，政企不分。政府直接干預(yù)企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動，不能形成科學(xué)決策的投資體制，容易造成責(zé)任不清和決策失誤，難以發(fā)揮市場在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)作用。

Second, the functions of the government fail to be seperated from those of the enterprizes. The government often has a direct hand in the operation of the enterprises which makes it difficult to the establishment of an invesment system based on scientific decision-making but easy to lead to nonaccountability and wrong decision-making. Consequently, the market can hardly play a foundamental role in the allocation of resources.

第三，政府主要依靠行政手段來管理經(jīng)濟和社會事務(wù)。許多本來應(yīng)該運用法律手段或者通過社會中介組織來處理的事物，卻通過設(shè)立政府機構(gòu)加以管理，使政府負擔(dān)過重。

Third, the government manages economic and social affairs mainly through administrative means. Many of the matters that should have been otherwise dealt with by legislation or through social inter-medium orgaznizations are managed by extra government departments thus creating extra responsibilities for the government.

這次機構(gòu)改革的目標(biāo)是按照發(fā)展社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的要求，根據(jù)精簡統(tǒng)一效能的原則，轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，建立辦事高效，運轉(zhuǎn)協(xié)調(diào)，行為規(guī)范的行政管理體系，完善公務(wù)員制度，建設(shè)高素質(zhì)的專業(yè)化行政管理干部隊伍。改革的重點是調(diào)整和撤銷那些直接管理經(jīng)濟的專業(yè)部門，加強宏觀調(diào)控和執(zhí)法監(jiān)管部門。我們要按照權(quán)責(zé)一致的要求，調(diào)整部門的權(quán)責(zé)權(quán)限，明確劃分部門之間的職責(zé)分工，完善行政運行機制。

We will carry out this reform in accordance with the requirements for developing a socialist market economy and by following the principles of simplification, uniformity and efficiency. We will shape the functions of the government and separate them from those of enterprizes so as to establish a highly efficient, well coordinated and standardized administrative system. We will improve the system of public servant, build a contingent of administraters who are highly competent and professionally specialized. The reform will focus on reorganizing or cancelling departments directly in charge of economic management and on enforcing macro-control departments as well as those enforce law and supervise law enforcements. In accordance with the requirements of integrating power with responsibility, we should readjust and redefine the responsibities of various departments and government in improving administrative operating mechanism.

所有政府機關(guān)及其工作人員都必須認真執(zhí)行國家的法律法規(guī)和政策。各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部都要依法行政，忠實履行自己的職責(zé)，勤政廉政，提高辦事效率。

All government institutions and functionaries must implement stste laws, decrees and policies. The leading cadres at all level should faithfully perform their official duties according to law as industrious, honest and efficient administraters.