第五篇 南方園林

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中國園林可分為御花園和私家花園兩類。前者多見于北方，后者則多見于南方，尤以蘇州，無錫和南京三地為盛。

Chinese garden can be divided into two categories: the imperial and the private. The former is seen most frequently in northern china while more of the later can be found in the south, especiallly in Suzhou, Wuxi and Nanjing.

南方私家花園中的溪、橋、山、亭小巧玲瓏，布局精明，盡顯其自然美，令人賞心悅目。橋大多為石橋，有直橋，曲橋，拱橋。直橋其實是一塊不加裝飾的石板，通常與河岸或河水齊高，給人一種臨水的感覺。曲橋設有低欄桿，西湖上的九曲橋就屬此橋。拱橋可以分為單拱橋和多拱橋兩種。園內的小溪雖占地不多，卻同小橋與石嶼相得益彰，渾然一體。

Small and delicate, cleverly laid out and pleasing to the eye, the streams, bridges, rockeries and pavillions of private Chinese garden reveal a natural beauty of their own. Most of the bridges in this garden are stone, including straight, winding and arched bridges. The Straight briges consist of just one stone slab without any decoration and it is usually level with the riverbank or with the river to make the visitors feel that they are surrounded by the water. The winding bridge has low balustrades. The Jiuqu Zigzag Bridge on west lake is one of them. The arched bridge can be divided into the singlearch and the multiarch varieties. Streams in this gardens do not cover a large area, but setting them well with bridges and islands to yield a uniform effect.

石頭與假山是中國南方園林的特色。奇形怪狀的石頭常帶有引人注目的波紋，線條和水孔。碩大的石頭可自成一景，而較小石塊則堆積成假山，為園林增添無比魅力。走廊是中國園林的另一大特色。有河邊的河廊，花叢中的花廊，柳樹叢中的柳廊,竹林中的竹廊。對客人來說，這些走廊可謂是優秀導游。在一座大花園里沿走廊而行，可以觀賞園內的各處景觀。

Rocks and rockeries are special features of southern Chinese gardens. Stones of grotesque forms are often attractive with underlaid lines and water holes. Some large stones form sceneries of their own while smaller ones are put together to form artificial hills to add to the fantastic attractiveness of the garden. Corridors form another feature of the chinese garden. There are water corridors built along the waterside, flower corridors setted among flowers, willow corridors among groves of willow and bamboo corridors among groves of bamboo. For the vositors, these corridors are good travel guides leading to the various views of the big garden.

形態各異的窗戶點綴在走廊上，有方形，有圓形，有六角形，也有八角形。許多窗戶的圖案也都裝飾的非常美麗。游客可以透過這些艷麗多彩的走廊窗戶，將園內的佳景盡收眼底。園林的大門同窗戶一樣也雕刻成各種形狀，給環境帶來了生氣，增添了雅趣。

The corridors are decorated by windows of every shape： spuare, round , hexagonal and octagonal. Many of the windows are decorated with very beautiful patterns and designs. Visitors can have excellent view of the garden through the colorful windows. The doors of the garden, like the windows, are also carved in different shapes to bring more vigorness and elegance to the surroundings.

花園中的墻壁多粉刷成白色。隱秘在花叢，樹叢，小山叢中的白墻與灰瓦褐窗形成強烈的反差。白墻上樹影婆娑，池塘中柳枝齊舞。在園中徜徉的游客也許能在這世外桃源里真正地享受片刻安寧。

Walls of these gardens are usually painted in white. Hidding among the flowers, trees and hills, white walls stand in a sharp contrast to the grey tiles and brown windows. Stolling about these gardens with the treeshadows swaying on the white wall and willowreflections dancing in the ponds, tourists may then find themselves truely enjoy this peace and relaxation in this paradise from the turmoil of the world.