評論
打印
Recording 54
錄音54
You will hear a lecture about Maori kite-making.
你將聽到一段課程，講的是毛利人的風箏制作。
First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
首先，你有些時間看看第三十一題至第四十題。
Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
現在仔細聽錄音，回答第三十一題至第四十題。
Well, good morning, everyone. As you know, we've been looking at different kinds of art and craft that were practised by the Maori people of New Zealand,
大家早上好。正如你們所知，我們正在講新西蘭毛利人的藝術與工藝，
at least before the Europeans began to arrive in the 18th century.
至少是在18世紀歐洲人來到新西蘭以前。
So, the focus of this lecture is kite making: how the kites were made, their appearance and the purposes they served.
所以，這節課的重點是風箏制作：風箏是如何制作的，風箏的外形和用途。
Well, let's start with the way they were made. As with other Maori artistic traditions, kite-making involved certain rituals.
先從制作方法來時。和其它毛利藝術傳統一樣，風箏制作也包含一些儀式。
So, firstly, only priests were allowed to fly and handle the largest, most sacred kites.
首先，只有牧師才能放飛和掌控最大最神圣的風箏。
There were rules, too, for the size and scale of the kites that the priests had to follow, and during the preparation of both small and large kites, food was strictly forbidden.
而且制作風箏也有規定相應的尺寸和規模，牧師要嚴格執行，而且在制作小型和大型的風箏時，嚴禁出現食物。
In terms of appearance, kites were frequently designed in the image of a native bird, or a Maori god, and sometimes (perhaps less often) a well-known hero.
說到風箏外形，大部分都設計成本地鳥類的形象，或者毛利神明，有些時候（也許較為少見）是家喻戶曉的英雄人物。
You can imagine that when Maori first arrived in the new country, in New Zealand, it may have taken some time to find suitable materials for their kites,
你們能想象一下，毛利人最初來到一個新國度——新西蘭的時候，他們可能也花了好些時間來尋找合適制作風箏的材料。
but through trial and error, no doubt, they found plants and trees that provided bark and even roots that they could use to make the frames and wings of their kites.
但在反復試驗，不斷犯錯后，他們找到了一些植物和樹木，他們可用其樹皮（甚至是樹根）來制作風箏的框架和箏翼。
And after the frame had been constructed, the kite then had to be decorated. For this, the priests used long grasses, and these, when the kite was in the air, would stream along behind it.
在建好框架后，需要裝飾風箏。為此，牧師們采用了長長的茅草，在風箏飛舞時會在后面隨之飄蕩。
They also used a variety of feathers to add, um, colour, to their creations.
牧師們還用不同的羽毛來給自己的作品增色。
Well, all this meant it was easy to see a kite in the sky but you could also hear Maori kites.
這一切都意味著，天上的風箏是很容易看見的，但你們還能聽見毛利風箏。
