41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.

　　[參考譯文] 很不幸，這最令人震驚的解釋有一點(diǎn)缺陷。一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為世界經(jīng)濟(jì) 結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)有力的變化已經(jīng)結(jié)束了那個(gè)以經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和通貨膨脹的歷史關(guān)聯(lián) 為基礎(chǔ)的舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式。

　　42. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.

　　[參考譯文] 例如，阿斯旺大壩使得尼羅河不再洪水泛濫，但是它也奪去了埃及以前 所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥這些換宋的就是這么個(gè)疾病滋生的水 庫，現(xiàn)在這個(gè)水庫積滿了淤泥，幾乎不能發(fā)電了。

　　43. New ways of organizing the workplaceall that re-engineering and downsizingare only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training,

　　[參考譯文] 企業(yè)重組的新方法所有那些重新設(shè)計(jì)、縮小規(guī)模的做法只是對(duì) 一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的整體生產(chǎn)力做出了一方面的貢獻(xiàn)。這種經(jīng)濟(jì)還受許多其他因 素的驅(qū)動(dòng)，比如結(jié)合設(shè)備和機(jī)械上的投資、新技術(shù)，以及在教育和培訓(xùn) 上的投資。

　　44. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.

　　[參考譯文] 他的同事邁克爾•比爾說，有太多的公司已經(jīng)用一種機(jī)械的方式實(shí)行公 司內(nèi)部的重新設(shè)計(jì)，在沒有充分考慮長(zhǎng)期贏利的能力下削減了成本。

　　45. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "The Flight from S.cience and Reason" , held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of (Mis) information, which assembled last June near Buffalo.

　　[參考譯文] 科學(xué)衛(wèi)士們?cè)跁?huì)議上也表述了他們的關(guān)注，比如1995年在紐約市舉行的 "逃離科學(xué)與理性"會(huì)議，以及去年6月在布法羅附近召開的"(錯(cuò)誤) 信息時(shí)代的科學(xué)"會(huì)議。

　　46. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.

　　[參考譯文] 一項(xiàng)關(guān)于1996年新聞報(bào)道的調(diào)查顯示，反科學(xué)的標(biāo)簽還可以貼在許多其 他團(tuán)體身上，從提倡消滅最后存留的天花病毒的權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)，到鼓吹削減 基礎(chǔ)研究經(jīng)費(fèi)的共和黨人(都被貼上了反科學(xué)的標(biāo)簽)。

　　47. The "true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.

　　[參考譯文] 環(huán)境研究的先驅(qū)、斯坦福大學(xué)的保羅•厄爾里西認(rèn)為，科學(xué)真正的敵人 是那些對(duì)支持全球變暖、臭氧層損耗以及工業(yè)發(fā)展的其他后果的證據(jù)提 出置疑的人。

　　48. This developmentand its strong implication for US politics and economy in years aheadhas enthroned the South as America"s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation"s head counting.

　　[參考譯文] 這種發(fā)展以及其對(duì)美國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)在未來幾年的潛在的強(qiáng)有力的影 響一一使得南部在全國人口普查中有史以來首次成為美國人口最密集 的地區(qū)。

　　49. Often they chooseand still are choosingsomewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog.crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.

　　[參考譯文] 他們常常選擇現(xiàn)在依然這樣選擇居住在那些氣候較為寒冷的地 區(qū)， 比如俄勒岡、愛達(dá)荷，還有阿拉斯加，為的是逃避煙霧、犯罪， 以及"金州"(加利福尼亞)城市化進(jìn)程中的其他問題。

　　50. As a result, California"s growth rate dropped during the 1970"s, to 18.5 percentlittle more than two thirds the 1960"s growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.

　　[參考譯文] 結(jié)果，加利福尼亞的人口增長(zhǎng)率在20世紀(jì)70年代時(shí)下降到了18.5%一 一稍高于60年代增長(zhǎng)率的三分之二，大大低于西部其他各州。