1．Halfway across the room, a small pistol in his hand, stood a man.

結構

全句只有1個謂語動詞：stood。本句是完全倒裝結構，按正常語序應該是：A small pistol in his hand, a man stood halfway across the room. 其中，a small pistol in his hand 是一個獨立主格結構，修飾主語a man.

翻譯

一名男子站在屋子中間，手里拿著一支手槍。

2．They do not seem to like one another very much, neither are they too keen on conventional people.

結構

全句有2個謂語動詞：do和are。本句的后半部分是一個主謂倒裝的單句，按正常語序應該是：They are neither too keen on conventional people. 注意neither指的是“（兩個中的）一個都不”。

翻譯

他們看起來不太喜歡彼此。他們也都不怎么喜歡傳統(tǒng)的人（普通人）。

3．Down came the “white only” notices in buses, hotels, trains, restaurants, sporting events, rest rooms and on park benches that once could be found everywhere throughout the South.

結構

全句有2個謂語動詞：came，could be。其中主句的是：came。按照正常語序句子主干應該是：The “white only” notices … came down. Notices后面的介詞短語，作為后置定語修飾notices。介詞短語后面還有一個that引導的定語從句修飾notices。為了避免主語部分過于冗長，因而將主謂倒裝。

翻譯

曾經(jīng)一度在南部的公車上，旅館里，火車上，飯店里，在體育賽事中，在公共衛(wèi)生間里，在公園長椅上到處可見的“白人專用”的牌子已經(jīng)取下。

4.Quite different is the outcome of successful insurrections like those of July 1830 and February 1848.

結構

全句只有1個謂語動詞：is。本句是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：The outcome of successful insurrections like those of July 1830 and February 1848, is quite different.介詞短語like those of…作為后置定語修飾insurrections，其中為了省略而使用those 代替the insurrections。

翻譯

像1830年7月起義和1848年2月起義這樣的成功起義的結果是大不相同的。

5.Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers.

結構

全句只有1個謂語動詞：is。本句是一個完全倒裝句。按照正常語序應該是：The architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers, is splendid.

翻譯

作為這座城市的中心，曼哈頓的摩天大廈有百余幢之多，其建筑十分壯觀。

6.Especially popular were his Sunday evening dinners, usually followed by musical performances.

結構

全句只有1個謂語動詞：were。本句是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：His Sunday evening dinners, usually followed by musical performances, were especially popular. 過去分詞短語followed by musical performances作為后置定語修飾dinners。

翻譯

他的周日晚餐尤其受歡迎，晚餐結束后通常還有音樂演出。

7.Only in recent years have women begun to catch up with men in this area.

結構

全句只有1個謂語動詞：begun。本句是一個以only開頭的主謂倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：Women have begun to catch up with men in this area only in recent years. Only在句中起強調作用，所強調的是in recent years.

翻譯

僅僅是近幾年來，婦女才開始在這個領域趕上男子。

8.Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.

結構

全句有2個謂語動詞：was和would be。整句話由兩個簡單句構成，其中第一個簡單句是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：The idea of Saturday afternoon cricket was perhaps worse。

翻譯

星期六下午去打板球這主意也許更糟糕；那個時候我的朋友通常都會自在享受悠閑時光。

9.But unpopular as red has been in the past, at the moment it is a favorite hair dye.

結構

全句有2個謂語動詞：has been和is。其中，as引導的讓步狀語從句是一個部分倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：Although red has been unpopular in the past。句子可被拆分為：

1． Red has been unpopular in the past.

2． But at the moment it is a favorite hair dye.

翻譯

盡管過去紅色不怎么流行，現(xiàn)在卻是一種備受歡迎的染發(fā)顏色。

10.Only when he has lost his way does he realize that he wasn’t careful enough to make sure that he really did understand.

結構

全句有4個謂語動詞：has，does realize，wasn’t和did understand.。其中主句的是：does realize。本句話是以only開頭的強調句，其所強調的是when引導的條件狀語從句。第一個that引導的是realize的賓語從句。第一個that引導的是make sure的賓語從句。

翻譯

只有當他迷了路，他才明白到當時自己不夠謹慎，沒有確定自己是否真的懂了。

11.Only by becoming wealthier can countries correct these conditions.

結構

全句只有1個謂語動詞：can correct。本句話是以only開頭的強調句，其所強調的是方式狀語by becoming wealthier。按照正常語序應該是：Countries can correct these conditions only by becoming wealthier。

翻譯

一個國家只有通過變得富強才能糾正這些問題。

12Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.

結構 全句有3個謂語動詞：were，should have和should hesitate。其中主句的是：should hesitate。本句是一個條件式虛擬倒裝句。前半部分是一個if引導的條件狀語從句，按照正常語序為：If it were left to me to decide…。whether引導的是decide的賓語從句。

翻譯 如果由我來決定是有政府無報紙還是有報紙無政府，我會毫不猶豫選擇后者。

13Out of our emotional experience with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”.

結構

全句有3個謂語動詞：comes，are和are。其中主句的是：comes，兩個are是that引導的主語feeling的同位語從句中的兩個并列謂語。為了避免造成頭重腳輕的感覺，主句是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序句子主干應該為：A social feeling of agreement … comes out of our emotional experience with objects and events.

翻譯

從我們對于客觀物體和事件的情感經(jīng)驗中產生了一種共同的社會情緒：某些東西和行為是“好的”而其他的是“壞的”。

14.Among the most promising and most thoroughly researched probiotics is the GG strain of Lactobacillus, discovered by Dr. Sherwood Gorbach and biochemist Barry Goldin, both at Tufts University School of Medicine.

結構 全句只有1個謂語動詞：is。整個句子是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序句子主干應該是：The GG strain of Lactobacillus … is among the most promising and most thoroughly researched probiotics。過去分詞短語discovered by…作為后置定語修飾the GG strain of Lactobacillus，后面的短語both at…則是兩個人名的定語。

翻譯

由塔夫茨大學醫(yī)學院舍伍德·哥爾巴赫教授和生化學家巴利·格爾丁發(fā)現(xiàn)的鼠李糖乳桿菌是最有前途并且研究得最充分的益生菌之一。

15.Only when total production expands faster than the rate of labor force growth plus the rate of productivity increase and minus the rate at which average annual hours fall does the unemployment rate fall.

結構

全句有4個謂語動詞：expands，fall和does fall。其中主句的是：does fall。這是一個由only開頭的條件式強調句，主句采用倒裝句式。按照正常語序句子主干應該為：the unemployment rate does fall。在when引導的條件狀語從句中which引導的是第三個rate的定語從句。

翻譯

只有當總產量增長率大于勞動力增長速率加上生產力增長率并減去平均年勞動時間下降的速率時，失業(yè)率才會下降。