評論
打印
更進一步說，“have”和“there be”句型都可以簡化成更簡單的介詞“with”結構，如以下所示：
On the table is a box. There is a cover beside it.
這兩個小句子是小作文的流程圖中經常要用到的具體描寫事物的句型，凡是描寫具有某種屬性或者帶有某種外部特征都可以用”with”結構表達，所以上述兩句可以合并成：On the table is a box with a cover beside it.
除了一般的“某個人做某件事情”和“…have…”句型，常見的人化主語的句型還有很受考生偏愛的幾個情態動詞，如can, may, should等。朗閣海外考試研究中心建議考生一般前兩個可改成It is likely /possible to do/ that….；后一個改成It is necessary/ imperative/ highly expected/ suggested that sth. be done.的句式，請看下面的例示：
We can go anywhere we like with our bicycle. →
It is possible for us to go anywhere we like with our bicycle.
To curb global warming, our government should promulgate new laws to govern the felling of trees.→
To curb global warming, it is imperative that our government promulgate new laws to govern the felling of trees.
歸納起來說，議論文中我們要積極避免“某個人”做主語，盡量用不定式、動名詞或者一個從句做主語，謂語動詞用評價性的動詞充當，這樣就可以由記敘文性質的“過程性句式”順利轉化成更符合議論文文風的客觀評價性的句式。
二 被動句式的使用
在比較正式的新聞、商務、法律等英語文體中，被動句式因為其更突出客觀性的賓語或者事實被廣為使用。雅思的圖表分析和議論文都是比較正式的文體，所以朗閣海外考試研究中心建議考生也應該注意多用被動句式。尤其是在以下兩個方面：
1.主語不確定
Someone murdered the millionaire last night.→
The millionaire was murdered last night.
2. 主語是泛指很多人或者大部分人
To improve the air quality, we should reduce the use of private cars. →
To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced.
Most people think that we can get a large share of benefit in the sales campaign.→
It is widely believed that we can get a large share of benefit in the sales campaign.
被動句的用法不僅體現在主句中，在從句、非謂語動詞短語中都有可能用到，如：
It is important for nations all over the world to join hands to control the software piracy. →
It is important for nations all over the world to join hands to have the software piracy controlled.
I don’t expect that she returned. → She is not expected to have returned.
I am not sure whether the college graduates will find jobs in the financially difficult year. →
I am not sure whether the college graduates will get employed in the financially difficult year.
但是因為漢語中本來是沒有被動句式的，所以受漢化思維的影響很多考生不會想到這一點。這就要求我們對此要引起足夠的重視，并且在平時多加練習以培養對其敏感度。
