1.paternalism n．家長式統治；家長主義(a policy or practice of treating or governing people in a fatherly manner especially by providing for their needs without giving them rights or responsibilities)

詞根記憶：來自paternal(a．父親的)

例：These men's paternalism toward African Americans was racist.

同根詞：patriarchal(a．家長的，族長的)

2.paternity n．父權(the quality or state of being a father);父系，父系后裔(origin or descent from a father)

詞根記憶：pater(父親)+nity--父權；父系

例：Most European countries offer a variety of programs to assist working parents, including paid maternity and paternity leaves, financial allowances for families with children, and subsidized public nurseries and kindergartens.

同根詞：paternal (a．父親的；父親般的)

3.pathogenic a．【醫】病原的，致病的(causing or capable of causing disease)

詞根記憶：path(病)+gen（產生）+ ic--能致病的--病原的

同根詞：pathology(n．病理學)

4.patriarchal a．家長的，族長的(of, relating to, or being a patriarch or patriarchy)

詞根記憶：patri(父親)+arch(統治者)+al（…的）--父親統治--家長的

例：They felt their status as working women gave them a certain degree of independence from the patriarchal family.

同根詞：patriarchy(n．父權制：家長統治)

5.patriotic a．愛國的，有愛國心的(feeling expressing, or inspired by love for one's country)

例：The principal ingredients of a civic education were literacy and the inculcation of patriotic and moral virtues.

同根詞：patriotism(n.愛國主義，愛國心)

6.patriotism n.愛國主義，愛國心（love for or devotion to one's country）

例：The nation's three military academies have seen a dramatic rise in applications, fueled by a resurgence of patriotism, increasing tuition costs at private colleges, and improved recruiting by the academies.

同根詞：patriotic(a．愛國的)

7.patrol v./n.巡邏，巡查（to go the rounds)

記：和petrol(n．汽油)一起記

例：There is a large contingent of armed guards patrolling the country's borders.

8.patron n.贊助者(benefactor)；顧客(customer)

例：In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card.

派生詞：patronage(n．贊助；惠顧)：patronize(v.資助)

9.payroll n．薪金名單；工資總額(a list of employees receiving wages or salaries, with the amounts due to each; the total sum of money to be paid out to employees at a given time)

分拆記憶：pay(支付)+roll(名單)--薪金名單

例：They tried to reduce their payroll expenses and save money.