21. "疑問詞+should...but "結構,這個結構表示過去的意外的事,意為"none...but",可譯為"除了……還有誰會……","豈料","想不到……竟是……"等。
例:Who should write it but himself?
22. "who knows but (that)..."和"who could should...but"結構,這個結構是反問形式,一般意譯為"多半","亦未可知"等等,有時也可直譯。
例:Who knows but (that) he may go?
23. "祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"結構,"祈使句+and"表示"If...you...","祈使名+or"表示"if...not...,you...。
例:Add love to a house and you have a home. Add righteousness to a city and you have a community. Add truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.
24. "名詞+and"結構,在這個結構中,名詞等于狀語從句,或表示條件,或表示時間。
例:A word, and he would lose his temper.
25. "as..., so..."結構,這里的"so"的意思是"in the same way"(也是如此)。此結構表明兩個概念在程度上和關系上相似。
例:As rust eats iron, so care eats the heart.
26. "if any"結構,"if any"和"if ever",意思是"果真有……","即使有……",表示加強語氣。與此類似的還有:"if anything"(如有不同的話,如果稍有區別),"if a day"(=at least,至少)。
例:There is little, if any, hope.
27. "be it ever(never)so"和"let it be ever(never)so"結構,這里,"be it"中的"be"是古英語假設語氣的遺留形式,現代英語則使用"let it be"。"ever so"和"never so"都表示同一意思,都表示"very"。
例:Be it ever so humble (let it be ever so humble), home is home.
28. "the last+不定式"和"the last +定語從詞"結構,這種結構中的"last"意思是"the least likely",用于否定性推論。可譯為"最不大可能的","最不合適的",由原意的"最后一個……"變成"最不可能……的一個"。
例:He is the last man to accept a bride.
29. "so...that..."句型,這個句型的意思是"如此……,以致于……",但在翻譯成漢語時,許多情況下,并不是一定要譯成"如此……以致于……",而是變通表達其含義。
例:He ran so fast that nobody could catch him up.
30. "more + than+原級形容詞(副詞)"結構,這是將不同性質加以比較,其中的"more"有"rather"的意思。
例:It is more than probable that he will fall.