評論
打印
I can recall a project that I was involved in while taking a college-level psychology class that explored this issue. We showed a group of people images of art without saying who the artists were. And we made sure that the people involved did not recognize the artists' works. The two artists that stick out in memory happened to be Adolf Hitler and John Lennon- two names that need no introduction for very different reasons. The goal was simply to see how people changed their art criticism after finding out who created the art.
我記得在上大學心理學課的時候參與的一個項目探討了這個問題。我們向一群人展示了畫作，但沒有說明藝術家是誰。我們確保相關人員認不出藝術家的作品。記得最清楚的兩位藝術家碰巧是阿道夫.希特勒和約翰.列儂，因為非常不同的理由，這兩個名字不需要介紹。我們的目的只是想看看人們在發現畫作的作者后，會如何改變他們對作品的評判。
Those who observed Adolf Hitler's artworks before knowing he was behind the creation of those images were impressed by them- noting a strong sense of architecture and space. Those who observed John Lennon's artworks before knowing he was the creator of those images were not impressed at all- most asking if they were drawings by a child. In fact, I recall that a few individuals doodled quick sketches laughing at the examples of Lennon's art that were shown. At that point they were not aware of who created the images.
觀察者在不知道是阿道夫希特勒的作品時，覺得這些畫作給他們留下了深刻印象:建筑和空間感很強。觀察者在不知道是約翰·列儂的作品時，覺得作品的印象一點也不深刻，大多數人問這些作品是不是孩子畫的。事實上，我記得有幾個人對展出的列儂的畫作嗤之以鼻。當時，他們不知道是誰創造了這些圖像。
After showing the works and recording the views that everyone had, we revealed the artists' names in connection to the examples of images shown. We then followed up on the study a week later. This time when Adolf Hitler's artworks were shown, people tended to mock them and regard them as technically flawed and mediocre at best… completely the opposite of what they had said before. When John Lennon's artworks were shown again, people tended to suggest that his works displayed a strong use of line and mastery of gesture drawing. Lennon went from being viewed as a "bad artist" to being viewed as highly creative just because his name, and thus all that is attributed to it was revealed. Those who forgot the names of the artists after a week tended to stick with their original criticism concerning the images.
展示完這些作品并且對大家的觀點做了記錄之后，我們公開了所展示作品的藝術家的名字。一周后我們繼續進行研究。這次，當阿道夫.布特勒的作品展示給大家時，人們都嘲笑它們，并且認為它們在技術上存在缺陷，充其量算是平庸……這與他們之前的評價完全相反。當約翰·列儂的作品再次展出時，人們傾向于認為他的作品表現出強烈的線條運用和對動態素描的精通。列儂從被視為“差的藝術家”到被視為具有高度創造性，僅僅因為他的名字以及名字背后的一切歸因于名字的揭露。一個星期后，那些忘記藝術家名字的觀察者還是傾向于堅持他們最初對那些藝術作品的看法。
