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現代大學英語精讀(第2版)第四冊:U9A The Damned Human Race(5)

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At the head of this article we see how "three monks were burnt to death" a few days ago, and a prior "put to death with atrocious cruelty." Do we inquire into the details? No; or we should find out that the prior was subjected to unprintable mutilations. Man—when he is a North American Indian—gouges out his prisoner's eyes; when he is King John, with a nephew to render untroublesome, he uses a red-hot iron; when he is a religious zealot dealing with heretics in the Middle Ages, he skins his captive alive and scatters salt on his back; in the first Richard's time he shuts up a multitude of Jew families in a tower and sets fire to it; in Columbus's time he captures a family of Spanish Jews and—but that is not printable; in our day in England a man is fined ten shillings for beating his mother nearly to death with a chair, and another man is fined forty shillings for having four pheasant eggs in his possession without being able to satisfactorily explain how he got them. Of all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel. He is the only one that inflicts pain for the pleasure of doing it. It is a trait that is not known to the higher animals. The cat plays with the frightened mouse; but she had this excuse, that she does not know that the mouse is suffering. The cat is moderate—unhumanly moderate, she only scares the mouse, she does not hurt it; she doesn't dig out its eyes, or tear off its skin, or drive splinters under its nails—man-fashion; when she is done playing with it, she makes a sudden meal of it and puts it out of its trouble. Man is the Cruel Animal. He is alone in that distinction.

在這篇文章的開頭,我們看到幾天前“三個僧人被燒死”是如何發生的,一個修道院院長是如何“被用極其殘忍的手段殺害”的。我們調查過細節嗎?沒有,否則我們會發現這位修道院院長遭到肢解,其慘狀筆墨無法描述。人——當他是北美印第安人時——挖出了俘虜的眼睛;當他是約翰王時,為了除掉侄子,他會用烙鐵來折磨他;當他是中世紀一個對付異教徒的宗教狂時,他活活剝下俘虜的皮,還在背上撒鹽;在理查一世時代,他把一大群猶太人全家關進鐘樓里,放火焚燒;在哥倫布時代,他抓獲一個西班牙裔的猶太家庭,然后——不過下面的事情也不宜刊印;在我們同時代的英國,一個人因為差點用椅子把他母親打死被罰款10 先令,另一個人由于擁有4個野雞蛋,但對其來歷無法做出令人滿意的解釋而被罰款40先令。在所有動物中,人是唯一殘忍的動物,是唯一拿別人的痛苦取樂的動物,這是一種高級動物聞所未聞的特點。貓戲弄嚇壞了的老鼠,但它有理由,它不知道老鼠在遭受著痛苦。貓懂得適可而止——一種人不具有的適可而止,它只是在嚇唬老鼠,并不去傷害它。它不去挖老鼠的眼睛,剝它的皮,或者把尖刺插進他的指甲里——像人那樣。在它戲弄完老鼠后,便突然把它當飯吃了,使它脫離痛苦。人是殘忍的動物,他在這方面是獨一無二的。

重點單詞   查看全部解釋    
possession [pə'zeʃən]

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n. 財產,所有,擁有

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cruelty ['kru:əlti]

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n. 殘酷,殘忍,殘酷的行為,虐待

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zealot ['zelət]

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n. 熱心者,狂熱者 Zealot: 猶太教的狂熱信徒

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trait [treit]

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n. 特點,特征,特性,一筆,少量

 
moderate ['mɔdəreit,'mɔdərit]

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adj. 適度的,穩健的,溫和的,中等的
v.

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inquire [in'kwaiə]

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vt. 詢問,查究
vi. 詢問,查究

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frightened ['fraitnd]

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adj. 受驚的,受恐嚇的

 
tear [tiə]

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n. 眼淚,(撕破的)洞或裂縫,撕扯
vt.

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render ['rendə]

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vt. 使成為,提供,報答,著色; 執行,實施

 
distinction [dis'tiŋkʃən]

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n. 差別,對比,區分,榮譽,優秀

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