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The Pleasures of Learning
學習的樂趣
Gilbert Highet
吉爾伯特·海特
As most schools are set up today, learning is compulsory. It is an Ought, even worse, a Must, enforced by regular hours and rigid discipline.
如今，隨著各級各類學校的不斷建立，學習成了強制性的任務。學習受規定的作息時間和嚴格的紀律約束，是一件“應該做的事”，甚至更糟的是，它成了一種“必須做的事。”
And the young sneer at the Oughts and resist the Musts with all their energy.
年輕人不屑于這些“應該做的事”，并竭盡全力來抵制這些“必須做的事。”
The feeling often lasts through a lifetime.
這種感覺常常會陪伴人的一生。
For too many of us, learning appears to be a surrender of our own will to external direction, a sort of enslavement.
對我們當中的很多人來說，學習似乎是要讓我們的自我意志屈服于外部的管理，這實際上是一種奴役。
This is a mistake. Learning is a natural pleasure, inborn and instinctive, one of the essential pleasures of the human race.
這是一種錯誤的想法。學習是一種自然的樂趣，它是與生俱來的本能行為，是人類的一種基本樂趣。
Watch a small child, at an age too young to have had any mental habits implanted by training.
讓我們來觀察一個小孩子吧：這是一個年齡太小，根本無法通過訓練來灌輸思考習慣的小孩子。
Some delightful films made by the late Dr Arnold Gesell of Yale University show little creatures who can barely talk investigating problems with all the zeal and excitement of explorers,
已故的耶魯大學博士阿諾德·格賽爾制作的一些有趣的影片表明，那些幾乎不會講話的小孩子們以探險家的渴望與興致調查研究問題，
making discoveries with the passion and absorption of dedicated scientists.
像忠于職守的科學家一樣熱切地專注于新的發現。
At the end of each successful investigation, there comes over each tiny face an expression of pure heart-felt pleasure.
每項成功的調查研究工作結束的時候，每個孩子的臉上都露出了純真、由衷的快樂的表情。
When Archimedes discovered the principle of specific gravity by observing his own displacement of water in a bathtub,
當阿基米德通過觀察自己在浴盆里排水量而發現了比重原理時，
he leaped out with delight, shouting, "Eureka, Eureka!"("I have found it, I have found it!")
他高興得跳了起來，喊道：“Eureka, Eureka!”（我找到它了，我找到它了！）
The instinct which prompted his outburst, and the joy of its gratification, are possessed by all children.
這種刺激他情感迸發的本能和滿足感所帶來的快樂是所有兒童都具備的。
