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Jesus warned us about the folly of putting a patch of new material upon an old garment, or of putting new wine into old bottles. "Positive thinking" cannot be used effectively as a patch or a crutch to the same old self-image. In fact, it is literally impossible to really think positively about a particular situation, as long as you hold a negative concept of self. And, numerous experiments have shown that once the concept of self is changed, other things consistent with the new concept of self, are accomplished easily and without strain.
耶穌曾告誡我們，把新布補在舊衣服上或用舊瓶裝新酒都是愚蠢的。把“積極思維”當作一塊新布或一根拐杖，加在原來那個舊的自我意象上是不會有什么作用的。事實上，只要你對自我持否定概念，你就不可能對某一特定情況進行真正的積極思維。而且，無數實驗證明，自我概念一旦改變，與這一新的自我概念相一致的其他事情就可以輕而易舉、毫不費力地完成。
One of the earliest and most convincing experiments along this line was conducted by the late Prescott Lecky, one of the pioneers in self-image psychology. Lecky conceived of the personalityas a "system of ideas", all of which must seem to be consistent with each other. Ideas whichare inconsistent with the system are rejected, "not believed," and not acted upon. Ideas which seem to be consistent with the system are accepted. At the very center of this system of ideas --- the keystone --- the base upon which all else is built, is the individual's "ego ideal," his "self-image," or his conception of himself. Lecky was a school teacher and had an opportunity to test his theory upon thousands of students.
已故的普萊斯科特·萊基是自我意象心理學的先驅之一。他在這方面做過最早的也是最具說服力的一系列實驗。萊基把個性看作一個“思想系統”，系統內的所有思想著上去必須相互一致。與這一系統不一致的思想一律受到排斥，“不被相信”，也不被奉為行動的圭臬。看上去與這一系統一致的思想則被接納。這一思想系統的核心是個人的“自我理想”，他的“自我意象”，或自我概念，其他的一切都建筑在這一基石或基礎之上。萊基生前是一位教師，因此，他有機會在幾千名學生身上檢驗自己的理論。
