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So, apparently, did Isaac Newton. Gould says that "Newton put the data together falsely to support at least three central statement that he could not prove."
艾薩克·牛頓顯然也這么做。古爾德說:“牛頓拼湊數據，以此證明了至少三個自己無法證明的重要論點。”
And so, apparently, did Claudius Ptolemy, the Greek astronomer, whose master work, the Almagest,summed up the case for a solar system that had the earth as its center. Recent studies indicate that Ptolemy either faked some key data or resorted heavily to the finagle factor.
此外，希臘天文學家克勞迪厄斯·托勒密顯然也這么做了。他的杰作《大綜合論》概括了各種論點，建立了地心宇宙體系。近期的研究表明，托勒密不是憑空臆造了某些重要數據，就是大量采用了欺詐手法。
All this is important because the finagle factor is still at work. In the saccharin controversy, for example, it was remarked that all the studies sponsored by the sugar industry found that the artificial sweetener was unsafe, while all the studies sponsored by the diet food industry found nothing wrong with saccharin.
這一切都很重要，因為欺詐因素仍在起作用。例如，在有關糖精利弊的爭論中，有人指出， 制糖業所贊助的研究都無一例外地發現人造甜味劑不安全，而藥療食品制造業所贊助的研究同樣無一例外地發現糖精沒有任何危害。
