Another winning formula which teachers promote lies in a student's ability to hand in neat work. According to one professor, the student who turns in neat work is already on the way to scoring an A. In the classroom context, it is equally important for students to speak up and ask questions. This is perhaps the best way for a student to clarify any doubts. Classroom participation also demonstrates a student's intellectual curiosity. As a student concisely puts it, "Better grades come from better understanding."
老師們提倡的致勝秘訣是盡力讓自己的作業整潔。有位老師說,學生交上整潔作業就已向高分邁進了一步。在課堂上大膽發言和提問也同樣重要,這或許是學生澄清疑問的最好辦法。課堂參與還能反映一個學生的求知欲。有個學生概括得好,“好成績來自透徹的理解”。
The value of studying together was demonstrated in an experiment conducted at one top university. The study revealed that students who discussed homework and problems together, tried different approaches and explained their solutions to one another scored higher than those who laboured on their own. The experiment also illuminated the value of hypothetical tests conducted among the students and on their own. This means that students frame tentative test questions based on their notes and give each other or themselves written examinations the day before a test. Experts confirmed that students who devise possible test questions often find many of the same questions during the real examination and thus score higher.
在一所世界頂級大學進行的一項實驗證明了小組學習的價值所在。研究表明,學生們如果一起討論家庭作業和問題,嘗試不同的解決辦法,并且互相解釋各自的答案,分數就會比那些單獨用功的學生要高。實驗也證明了學生間互相進行模擬測試或自我測試的好處。這就是說,學生們根據筆記設計可能的試題,在考試前一天相互之間進行書面測試或自測。專家們證實,那些能設計模擬試題的學生,往往會在正式考題中發現很多相同的試題,自然能得高分了。
Another technique employed by top students is to do more than the assigned homework. A student revealed that if her teacher gives five problems, she will undertake ten. In the student's words, "Part of learning is practising. The more you practise, the more you learn." Last but not least, all experts and top students agree that the most important "secret" of super-achievers lies in the crucial contribution by parents. From infancy, super-achievers were taught the importance of learning by their parents. The latter set high standards for their children and held them to those standards. They encouraged their children in their studies but did not undertake the work for them. Instead of pressuring their children, these parents were always loving, gentle and took pains to explain and motivate. They impressed the lessons of responsibility on their children, and the children delivered.
優等生使用的另一個技巧是超額完成規定的家庭作業。一位學生透露,老師若是布置五道題,她會做上十道。用她的話說,“練習是學習的一部分。練得越多,學到的也越多。”最后一點同樣不容忽視:所有的專家和優秀學生都認為,優等生們之所以成功,父母的功勞至關重要。從孩提時起,父母就給他們灌輸學習的重要性,為他們制定高標準,并且引導他們達到這些標準。在學習方面他們給孩子以鼓勵,而不是代勞。這些父母從不給孩子施加壓力,永遠都溫柔慈愛,不厭其煩地解釋和激勵。他們使孩子們銘記肩負的責任,而孩子們則將其付諸實踐。