青年與老人
Someone said to a man, "Travel and see the world." He answered, "Why should I? People are the same everywhere. They are born. They are babies. They are children. They are adults. They grow old. They die. While they are alive, they have the same emotions. They feel love and hate, happiness and sadness, security and fear, pride and shame, comfort and discomfort. That is why I do not want to travel. I can learn everything here. I'm going to stay home."
有人曾對一個男子說:“出去走走,開開眼界。”他回答說: “何必呢?人嘛,到處都一樣。人總是呱呱落地,從嬰兒長成兒童,再長大成人,然后逐漸變老,最后死去。人們活著的時候,有著同樣的情感:有愛憎、哀樂之情,有安全、恐懼之感,有尊榮、羞辱之心,也能體察舒適與不適之變。這就是我不愿外出旅游的緣由。我待在家里可以知道天底下的各種事情。我就想一直待在家里。”
The man was right. He was also wrong. People are the same, but people are also different. They all have the same pattern of life — birth, youth, old age, death. But these stages of life have different values in different cultures. Also, while all people have the same emotions, the causes of these emotions are different. A situation that may bring happiness in one place may not bring happiness in another place.
這人說的,既對又不對。人與人既相同又相異。他們都有著相同的生命模式——出生,青春,年邁,死亡,但人生的這些階段,在不同的文化群體里卻有著不同的價值。再者,雖然所有的人都有著相同的情感,但這些情感的起因卻不盡相同。此地能帶來快樂的景況,換了他處未必也能給人帶來快樂。
For example, in many countries old age is a happy time. Young people in these countries show respect to the old people. Young people listen when old people speak because they believe that an old person is a wise person. In that kind of society old people receive honor, privilege and satisfaction. In Korea, old people are honored and respected. When they are too old to live alone, they live with a son, daughter, or other relatives. When they become sixty-one years old, it is a very happy and important event. There is a big party with many guests. They receive many gifts. This birthday even has a special name. All other birthdays are called sing il. The sixty-first birthday is called huan gup. The sixty-first birthday has a special name because when people reach this time in life, the attitudes of their family and their community change toward them. The younger people call them "grandfather" or "grandmother", even if they are not related to them. Their position in life is good because they receive honors and respect. Everyone looks forward to this time.
舉例來說,在許多國家老年時期是個頤養(yǎng)天年的快樂時期。這些國家的年輕人敬重老年人。老年人說話時年輕人洗耳恭聽,因為他們相信老年人自有其智慧。在這種社會里,老年人受到尊重,享有優(yōu)待,心滿意足。在朝鮮,老年人就受到敬重與愛戴。當(dāng)他們年邁無法獨自生活時,便與兒女或別的親人共同生活。年滿61歲是件大喜事。照例要舉行賀客滿堂的盛大聚會。老人會收到各種禮物。 61歲生日甚至還有個特別的名字。所有別的生日都叫做sing il(出生之日),而61歲的生日則叫做huan gup(新生命的開始)。 61歲生日之所以有個特別的名稱,是因為當(dāng)人們進(jìn)入人生的這一階段時,家庭和社會對他們的態(tài)度便有所變化。即使沒有親戚關(guān)系,年輕人也都要尊稱他們?yōu)椤盃敔敗薄ⅰ澳棠獭薄K麄兊纳钐幘诚喈?dāng)不錯,他們受到敬重與愛戴。人人都盼望這一時期的到來。