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Passage Two
短文二
Public interest was aroused by the latest discovery of a changed gene in obese mice.
最近在肥胖老鼠身上發現的一種改變了的基因引起了公眾的興趣。
The news was made known by Rockefeller University geneticist Jeffrey Friedman.
這個消息是由洛克菲勒大學的遺傳學家杰弗里·弗里德曼宣布的。
The researchers believe this gene influences development of a hormone that tells the organism how fat or full it is.
研究人員認為，這種基因會影響一種激素的發育，這種激素會告訴有機體它有多胖或多飽。
Those with the change gene may not sense when they have eaten enough or if they have sufficient fatty tissue and thus can't tell when to stop eating.
那些攜帶改變基因的人可能感覺不到什么時候吃得夠多，或者脂肪組織是否充足，因此不知道什么時候該停止進食。
The researchers also reported finding a gene nearly identical to the mouse obesity gene in humans.
研究人員還報告稱，他們發現了一種與人類老鼠肥胖基因幾乎相同的基因。
The operation of this gene in humans has not yet been demonstrated, however.
然而，這種基因在人類中的作用尚未得到證實。
Still, professionals like University of Vermont psychologist Esther Roth Blume reacted enthusiastically.
不過，像佛蒙特大學心理學家埃斯特·羅斯·布魯姆這樣的專業人士反應激烈。
This research indicates that people really are born with a tendency to have a certain weight, just as they are to have a particular skin color or height.
這項研究表明，人們確實天生就有一定的體重傾向，就像他們天生就有特定的膚色或身高一樣。
Actually, behavioral geneticists believe that less than half of the total weight variation is programed in the genes, while height is almost entirely genetically determined.
事實上，行為遺傳學家認為，體重變化中只有不到一半是由基因決定的，而身高幾乎完全是由基因決定的。
Whatever role genes play, Americans are getting fatter.
不管基因起什么作用，美國人都在變胖。
A survey by the Center for Disease Control found that obesity has increased greatly over the last 10 years.
疾病控制中心的一項調查發現，在過去10年里，肥胖人數大幅增加。
Such rapid change underlines the role of environmental factors like the abundance of rich foods in Americans over eating.
如此迅速的變化強調了環境因素的作用，比如美國人過度飲食中豐富的食物。
The Center for Disease Control has also found that teens are far less physically active than they were even a decade ago.
美國疾病控制中心還發現，青少年比十年前更少鍛煉身體。
Excepting that weight is predetermined can relieve guilt for overweight people,
體重是預先確定的，這可以減輕超重的人的負罪感，
but people's belief that they cannot control their weight can itself contribute to obesity.
但是人們認為自己無法控制體重的想法也會導致肥胖。
12: What does the speaker say has aroused public interest?
12:說話者說什么引起了公眾的興趣?
13: What do we learn about the changed gene?
13:關于改變的基因，我們了解到什么?
14: What does University of Vermont psychologist Esther Roth Blume say?
14.佛蒙特大學的心理學家埃斯特·羅斯·布魯姆說了什么?
15: What accounts for Americans’ obesity according to a survey by the Center for Disease Control?
15:根據疾病控制中心的一項調查，美國人肥胖的原因是什么?
