評論
打印
Recording 3
錄音3
I'm a psychology professor at the University of British Columbia, I specialize in cultural psychology, examining similarities and differences between East Asians and North Americans.
我是不列顛哥倫比亞大學的一名心理學教授，我的研究領域是文化心理學，探究東亞和北美之間的異同。
Our research team has been looking at cultural differences in self-enhancing motivations, help people have positive feelings towards not only themselves but things connected to themselves.
我們的研究團隊一直在研究自我激勵的文化差異，幫助大家對自己以及對和自己相關的事物的感覺更加積極。
For example, when you own something, you view it as more valuable than when you don't own it.
例如，當你擁有某件東西的時候，與不擁有這件東西時相比，你會覺得它更有價值。
It's called the endowment effect. The strength of that effect is stronger in western cultures than in East Asian cultures.
這是稟賦效應。這種效應的強度在西方文化中比在東方文化中更大。
So we've been looking at other ways of seeing whether this motivation to view oneself positively is shaped by cultural experiences.
所以我們一直在尋找其他的方式，來研究這種積極看待自己的動機是否由文化經驗所塑造。
We've also started to look at how culture shapes sleep.
我們也開始研究文化如何影響睡眠。
We are still in the exploratory stages of this project, although what's noteworthy that East Asians on average sleep about an hour and a half less each night than North Americans do.
我們還處于這個項目的探索階段，不過值得注意的是，東亞人每晚的平均睡眠時間比北美人少1.5個小時。
And it's not a more efficient sleep, not like they're compressing relatively more value out of their hours.
但這并非更有效率的睡眠，并不是他們從自己的時間中擠出更多的價值來。
Other studies have found that even infants in East Asia sleep about an hour less than European infants.
其他的研究發現，即使是東亞的嬰兒也比歐洲的嬰兒要少睡一個小時。
So we're trying to figure out how culture shapes the way you sleep.
所以我們正在努力探究文化是如何影響睡眠方式的。
Our experiment does not take place in a sleep lab, instead, we lend people motion-detecting watches and they wear them for a week at a time.
我們的實驗并不是在睡眠實驗室里進行，相反，我們發給人們動作捕捉手表，他們每次佩戴手表一周。
Whenever they are not having a shower or swimming, they keep it on.
只要他們沒有洗澡或游泳，他們都戴著手表。
These kinds of watches are used in sleep studies as a way of measuring how long people are sleeping, how efficient the sleep is, and whether they are waking up in the night.
睡眠研究中使用這些手表是作為一種測量人們睡了多久、睡眠的效率，以及他們晚上是否醒來的方式。
Ideally, I'd like to take this into a controlled lab environment. We'll see where the research points us.
理想的情況是，我愿意將這帶入控制的實驗環境中。我們將查看這個研究會指引我們走向何方。
We usually start off with the more affordable methods.
我們通常在剛開始時都會使用一些承受得起的方法。
And if everything looks promising, then it will justify trying to build a sleep lab and study sleep across cultures that way.
如果各方面看起來都不錯的話，那就有理由建立一個睡眠實驗室，用那種方式研究跨文化睡眠。
Why do we study sleep? Sleep is something that has really been an unexplored topic cross-culturally.
我們為何要研究睡眠？睡眠這個話題還沒有以跨文化的方式研究過。
I'm attracted to it because culture isn't something that only shapes the way our minds operate, it shapes the way our bodies operate too, and sleep is at the intersection of those.
我被這個話題吸引是因為，文化并非是影響我們大腦運轉方式的唯一因素，它也會塑造我們身體運作的方式，睡眠就處于身體和心靈的交點。
22. What does the speaker mainly study?
22. 這位敘述者主要研究什么？
23. What does the speaker say about North Americans?
23. 敘述者關于北美發表了什么看法？
24. How did the speaker conduct the sleep study?
24. 這位敘述者如何進行睡眠研究？
25. What does the speaker say about research on sleep?
25. 這位敘述者圍繞睡眠實驗說了什么？
