評論
打印
Passage 2
短文 2
A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through, whether it's sticking to a spending plan or finishing a great novel.
無論是堅持一項開支計劃，還是完成一部偉大的小說，完成任何任務都需要強大的意志力。
And if you want to increase that willpower, a new study suggests you just simply have to believe you have it.
如果你想增強意志力，一項新的研究表明，你只要相信自己有這種意志力就行了。
According to the study, what matters most is what we think about our willpower. If we believe it's a finite resource, we act that way.
根據這項研究，最重要的是我們如何看待自己的意志力。如果我們相信這是一種有限的資源，我們就會按照這個想法做。
We feel exhausted and need-breaks between demanding mental tasks. However, people who view their willpower as a limitless resource get energized instead.
我們感到疲憊不堪，在繁重的腦力勞動之間需要休息。然而，那些將意志力視為無限資源的人反而會獲得能量。
The researchers used a psychological assessment tool to test the validity of the study.
研究人員使用心理評估工具來測試研究的有效性。
They asked 1,100 Americans and 1,600 Europeans to grade different statements such as "After a challenging mental activity, my energy is depleted, and I must rest to get it refueled again." or "I can focus on a mental task for long periods without feeling tired."
研究人員讓1100名美國人和1600名歐洲人對不同的陳述進行打分，比如“在經歷了一項具有挑戰性的腦力活動后，我的精力已經耗盡，我必須休息，以便再次補充能量”或“我可以長時間專注于一項腦力活動而不感到疲倦”。
Although there was little difference between men and women overall, Americans were more likely to admit to needing breaks after completing mentally challenging tasks.
盡管男性和女性之間的總體差異不大，但美國人更有可能承認在完成具有挑戰性的任務后需要休息。
European participants, on the other hand, claimed they were able to keep going.
另一方面，歐洲的參與者聲稱他們能夠繼續工作。
Based on the findings, the researchers suggest that the key to boosting your willpower is to believe that you have an abundant supply of it.
基于這些發現，研究人員認為增強意志力的關鍵在于相信自己有充足的意志力。
"Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave. But these feelings are changeable," they said.
“你對意志力的感覺會影響你的行為方式。但這些感覺是可以改變的。”
"Changing your beliefs about the nature of your self-control can have positive effects on character development. This leads to healthier behaviors and perceptions of other people."
“改變你對自我控制本質的想法可以對性格發展產生積極的影響。這會使得行為和對他人的看法都更健康。”
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
請根據你剛剛聽到的短文回答12至15題。
12. What is often necessary for carrying through a task?
12. 完成一項任務通常需要什么？
13. What is the finding of the new study?
13. 這項新研究有什么發現？
14. What do we learn about European participants as compared with their American counterparts?
14. 與美國參與者相比，我們對歐洲參與者有什么了解？
15. What do the researchers say concerning people's feelings about willpower?
15. 關于人們對意志力的感受，研究人員說了些什么？
