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Lesson 18
第18課
genetic
a. 遺傳（學）的 n. (-s)遺傳學
More and more doctors believe that cancer is a genetic disease.
越來越多醫生認為癌癥是遺傳病。
imitation
n. 模仿；仿制品；贗品
An artist who can only give imitation of others' styles will not achieve acclaim.
一個只會模仿他人風格的藝術家是不會獲得人們稱贊的。
hierarchy
n. 等級制度；統治集團，領導層
The Supreme Court is the head of a hierarchy of federal courts.
最高法院是聯邦法院等級系統中的最高機構。
impair
vt. 損害，削弱
Over 200,000 babies are born in the U.S. each year with deformed bodies and impaired minds because of defective genes.
由于基因有缺陷，每年美國有超過20萬新生嬰兒身體畸形、智力受損。
impetus
n. 推動，促進，刺激；推動力
The reform and opening-up policy is the primary impetus behind China's economic recovery.
改革開放政策是促進中國經濟恢復的主要推動力。
necessitate
vt. 使成為必要，需要
The increase in population necessitates a greater food supply.
人口的增加需要更多的食物供應。
layman
n. 外行
Doctors sometimes confuse laymen with their jargon.
醫生有時用專門術語把外行人弄得稀里糊涂。
maneuver/manoeuvre
n. 謹慎而熟練的動作；策略；(pl.)演習 v. 設法使變動位置；（敏捷或巧妙地）操縱，耍花招
manuscript
n. 手稿，原稿，底稿；手寫本
Unfortunately, parts of the original manuscript were lost in the fire.
不幸的是，部分原稿在大火中被燒毀了。
offset
vt. 補償，抵消
He has to offset his small salary by living economically.
他以節儉的生活來抵消其微薄的收入。
perfection
n. 完美
serial
n. 連續劇，連載故事 a. 連續的，順序排列的
Jing Yong's Kongfu novels often appear as serial novels in newspapers.
金庸的武俠小說經常以連載小說的形式出現在報紙上。
periodic
a. 周期的，定期的，時而發生的
There is such an orchestra in the Caucasus. All of the members are more than 100 years old. They rehearse regularly and give periodic concerts.
高加索確實有這樣一個樂團。樂團的所有成員都在百歲以上，他們定期排練并定期開音樂會。
recycle
vt. 回收利用
Often substantial energy savings are achieved by recycling waste materials.
在很多情況下能源節省是通過回收再利用廢舊材料達到的。
permissible
a. 許可的
The prison governor said what the prisoner requested was unfortunately not permissible.
監獄長說囚犯的請求不大可能得到批準。
aggravate
vt. 加重；激怒
His bad temper was aggravated by his headache.
頭痛使他的壞脾氣變得越來越糟糕。
aggregate
n. 總數，合計 a.合計的 vt. 合計；使聚集，使積聚
Unit sales for December amounted in the aggregate to 100,000.
12月份的單位銷售量總數達到10萬。
staple
n. 訂書釘；主食；主要產品 vt. 用訂書釘訂 a. 主要的；經常需要（或使用）的
Bananas and sugar are the staples of Jamaica.
香蕉和蔗糖是牙買加的主要產品。
affiliate
vt. 使隸屬于 n. 附屬機構
The Radcliffe College is affiliated with Harvard University. The Harvard faculty provides all instructions, and Radcliffe graduates receive Harvard degrees.
Radcliffe學院附屬于哈佛大學。哈佛教師擔任所有的教學工作，其畢業生獲哈佛授予的學位。
blaze
vi. 熊熊燃燒，著火；發（強）光；迸發 n. 火焰；強烈（或眩目）的光；迸發；燦爛
If we put some paper on the fire, it will soon burst into a blaze.
如果把紙放在火上，就會馬上燒出火焰。
clarity
n. 清楚，明晰
I'm greatly impressed by the clarity of the sea water in Hainan.
海南清澈的海水給我留下了深刻的印象。
clearance
n. 凈空；許可（證）；清算；清除
At the turn of seasons, there is usually a clearance sale of some goods in almost every store.
在季節交替的時候，幾乎所有商店通常都對某些商品清倉大減價。
designate
vt. 指派；標出
A special committee was designated by the UN to mediate the conflict between Palestine and Israel.
聯合國指派了一個特別委員會去調停巴勒斯坦和以色列的沖突。
diagnose
vt. 診斷
If cancer is diagnosed in its early stages, it can be cured.
癌癥如果在初期診斷出來就可能治愈。
embed
vt. 把…嵌入，扎牢；使深留腦中
Hegemonism has been embedded in the mind of some American politicians.
霸權主義思想已深深印入某些美國政客腦海。
federation
n. 聯合會；聯邦
The United States is a federation of fifty individual states.
美國是由50個州組成的聯邦。
embody
vt. 使具體化，體現；包括，包含
The new marriage law of our country embodies some changed legal provisions.
我國新的婚姻法有些條文做了改動。
hitherto
ad. 到目前為止，迄今
The printing press made books available to people hitherto unable to afford them.
印刷機使以前買不起書的人們能買得起書。
implicit
a. 含蓄的；（in）固有的；無疑問的
The leader has implicit trust in his secretary.
這位領導對自己的秘書絕對信任。
plausible
a. 似有道理的
nonetheless
ad. 盡管如此
The main stream of the world's situation is peace; nonetheless, local conflicts never stop.
盡管世界形勢的主流是和平，但是地區沖突從來就沒有停止過。
inaugurate
vt. 開始；為…舉行就職典禮；為…舉行開幕式
American presidents are always inaugurated on January 20th.
美國總統總是在1月20日宣誓就職。
incidence
n. 發生率
pore
n. 毛孔，細孔 vi. （over）仔細閱讀，審視
Before signing a contract you should pore over every clause in case you are fooled.
簽合同前應仔細審讀合同的每一條款，以防萬一上當受騙。
finite
a. 有限的，有限制的；限定的
We must save energy because the natural resources of the earth are finite.
我們必須節約能源，因為地球的自然資源是有限的。
referee
n. 裁判員；證明人；仲裁者 v. 當裁判
In a football match, one referee and two linesmen shall be appointed to officiate in each game.
足球比賽中，每場比賽任命一名裁判員、兩名巡邊員執行裁判任務。
marginal
a. 微小的；僅以微弱多數票獲勝的；記在頁邊的
shepherd
n. 牧羊人 vt. 帶領
The passengers were shepherded across the tarmac to the airliner.
乘客們被引導走過跑道登機。
poke
vt. 戳，捅；用…戳（或捅）；伸出，突出 vi. 伸出 n. 戳，捅
Passengers are not allowed to poke their heads out of the windows when the bus is moving.
公共汽車開動時，乘客不要將頭伸出窗外。
shaft
n. 柄，桿；（光的）束；軸；豎井，升降井
The shaft of an arrow is made of alloy material.
箭桿是用合金材料制作的。
thereafter
ad. 之后，以后
In dialing a local call, the first three minutes will cost you 0.5 yuan; thereafter, each minute will cost 0.1 yuan.
打市內電話頭三分鐘為0.5元，以后每分鐘為0.1元。
thrill
n. 興奮；引起激動的事物 v. （使）非常興奮
It's really a pity that the Chinese football team has never thrilled the fans these years.
中國足球隊近年來從未讓球迷興奮過，真是令人遺憾。
update
vt. 更新，使現代化 n. 最新信息
We have to update the English textbooks, because they are too obsolete to students.
我們必須更新英語教材，因為它們太過時了，不能滿足學生的要求。
shuttle
n. 短程穿梭運行的飛機；航天飛機；梭子 vi. 穿梭般來回 vt. 短程穿梭運送
With a modern transportation network between Guangzhou and Shenzhen, trains and buses and lorries shuttle passengers and goods across the two cities.
廣州與深圳間建有現代化交通網絡，火車、大巴和卡車穿梭于兩市運送乘客和貨物。
wedge
n. 楔（子） vt. 把…楔牢，塞入
The people wedged me into the corner when the movie was over.
電影結束時人們把我擠到角落里。
alleviate
vt. 緩解
Chinese medical researchers have successfully developed a new medicine to alleviate the cancer patients' suffering.
中國醫學研究人員已成功地研制出一種緩解癌癥病人痛苦的新藥。
bonus
n. 獎金；額外給予的東西
To some degree bonus is an effective way to motivate the workers.
從某種程度上來說，獎金是調動工作積極性的一種有效方法。
coherent
a. 條理清楚的，連貫的；一致的，協調的
We should try to be as coherent as possible whenever we speak or write in English.
我們無論何時用英語說話或寫作，都應該盡可能地做到條理清楚。
collaboration
n. 合作；勾結
Football is a collective game. Members of a team have to work in close collaboration in order to win a match.
足球是集體項目。要贏得比賽，隊員就必須緊密配合。
comet
n. 彗星
Newly discovered comets are now named after the famous figures proposed by the discoverers.
新發現的彗星是以其發現者所推薦的名人的名字來命名的。
differentiate
vi. （between）區別 vt. 區別；使不同
Men are differentiated from animals in that men can use tools.
人與動物的區別在于人能夠使用工具。
detain
vt. 拘留，扣留；留住，耽擱
The police detained the man to make further inquiries.
警方拘留了那個人，以便進一步查問。
entail
vt. 使承擔，使成為必要，需要
The construction of the Three Gorges Project entails large migration.
三峽工程建設需要大規模移民。
fixture
n. (常pl.)（房屋等的）固定裝置；固定在某位置的人（或物）
A washing basin is a fixture in the bathroom.
洗臉盆是衛生間的固定裝置。
entity
n. 實體，獨立存在體，實際存在物
The southern Cantonese culture is a separate cultural entity.
嶺南文化是一個單獨的文化實體。
inclusive
a. 包括一切的
The Chinese Football Team consists of 30 people, inclusive of the doctors and the interpreter.
中國足球隊包括隊醫和翻譯在內共由30人組成。
flare
vi. （火焰）閃耀；突然發怒（或激動） n. 閃光信號，照明彈
A signal flare is usually shot when troops make a sudden attack at night.
部隊夜間發動突然襲擊時通常發射信號彈。
gracious
a. 和藹的；優美的，雍容華貴的 int.天哪！
Queen Elizabeth II almost always appears in the public with a gracious smile.
伊麗莎白二世女王在公共場合出現時幾乎總是面帶和藹的笑容。
hose
n. （橡皮等制的）軟管；連褲襪 vt. 用軟管淋澆
For the sake of safety, all tall buildings must be equipped with hoses.
為了安全起見，高層建筑必須安裝消防水龍頭。
dilute
vt. 稀釋，沖淡 a. 稀釋的，沖淡的
The nurse diluted the drug with saline water.
護士用生理鹽水把藥加以稀釋。
incur
vt. 招致
The American bombing to the Chinese embassy in Yugoslavia incurred strong condemnation from many countries.
美國對中國駐南斯拉夫大使館的轟炸遭到許多國家的強烈譴責。
medieval
a. 中世紀的，中古的
Jeffery Chaucer was a medieval British poet, considered by the British people as "the father of poetry".
喬叟是中世紀英國詩人，被英國人視為"詩歌之父"。
norm
n. 標準；(常pl.)準則
The U.S. usually uses dual norms to judge the human rights in other countries.
美國總是用雙重標準來評價別國的人權。
optimum
a. 最合適的，最優的，最佳的
Scientists are now trying to find out whether there is optimum environment for life in the outer space.
科學家正在努力探測外層空間是否有適合生命生長的環境。
lever
n. 杠桿；途徑，手段 vt. （用杠桿）撬動
Democrats used popular opinion as a lever to get the Act through the Congress.
民主黨人用輿論壓力作為杠桿促使該法案在國會獲得通過。
situated
a. 位于…的，坐落在…的；處于…境地的
Wuhan City is situated in the center of China.
武漢市位于中國的中部。
portray
vt. 描寫，描繪；扮演，飾演
Vicki Zhao portrayed a very ugly person in the film Shaolin Football.
趙薇在電影《少林足球》中扮演一個奇丑無比的人。
posture
n. 姿勢；看法 vi.擺出（不自然的）姿勢，裝模作樣
An arrogant person usually assumes a posture of superiority.
傲慢的人通常擺出一副高人一等的樣子。
simulate
vt. 模仿，模擬；假裝，冒充
Simulated English tests may not always accurately reflect one's true proficiency and skills.
英語模擬考試不一定總能準確地反映一個人的真實水平和技能。
remnant
n. 殘留部分
We must get rid of the remnants of the feudal thought.
我們必須消除封建思想的殘余。
analogy
n. 類比
In physiology class the teacher drew an analogy between the human heart and the pump.
在生理學課上老師打了個比方，將人的心臟比作水泵。
analytic(al)
a. 分析的，分析法的
Chinese is an analytical language which depends on the invariable roots and word order to indicate its grammatical relations.
漢語是分析型語言，其語法關系取決于不變的詞根和詞序。
whereby
ad. 借以
We need this system whereby a new plan may arise.
我們需要這種可能借以產生新計劃的制度。
bruise
n. 青腫；（水果等的）傷痕 vt. 使受淤傷；挫傷，傷害（感情等）
It is strange that girls are much easier to bruise their skin than boys.
很奇怪，女孩子的皮膚總是比男孩子們更容易被碰青腫。
slack
a. 懈怠的，馬虎的；蕭條的；松（弛）的 n. （繩索等）松弛部分；(pl.)寬松褲 vi. 懈怠
Those who are slack in their work will never have a chance to be successful.
干活馬虎的人永遠都不會成功。
commute
vi. 經常乘車（或船等）往返于兩地 vt. 減（刑）；折合 n. 上下班交通
If you buy an apartment in the suburbs, you'll have to commute by bus between your home and your office in the downtown.
如果在郊區買房子的話，就要乘公共汽車上下班。
toxic
a. 有毒的
This medicine is toxic if taken in large quantities.
這種藥若服用過量是有毒的。
slot
n. 狹縫，狹槽；位置，空位 vt. 把…放入狹長開口中；把…納入其中
If you want to draw money from the ATM, just insert the magnetic card into the slot and enter your pin number.
如果想從自動取款機里取錢，只要將磁卡插入插卡口，輸入你的密碼即可。
tile
n. 瓦，瓷磚 vt. 鋪瓦于，貼瓷磚于
We use tiles to cover roofs and sometimes floors and walls.
我們用瓦片蓋房頂，有時也用瓷磚鋪地面和墻面。
vent
n. 通風口；（衣服底部的）開衩 vt. 表達，發泄（情感等）
The news that the U.S. will cut down its financial aid to Korea has taken vent.
美國將削減對韓國的經濟援助的消息被泄露了。
