評(píng)論
打印
Passage One
(9) There are three main elements that combine to create either a positive or negative experience for listeners. They can result in a voice that is pleasing to listen to and can be used effectively. Or they can create a voice that doesn't hold attention, or even worse, causes an adverse reaction. The three elements are volume, pitch, and pace. When evaluating volume, keep in mind that a good speaker will adjust to the size of both the room and the audience. Of course, with an amplifying device like a microphone, the speaker can use a natural tone. (10) But speakers should not be dependent on microphones; a good speaker can speak loudly without shouting. The second element, pitch, is related to the highness or lowness of the sounds. High pitches are, for most people, more difficult to listen to, so in general speakers should use the lower registers of their voice. During a presentation, it's important to vary pitch to some extent in order to maintain interest. The third element, pace, that is how fast or slow words and sounds are articulated, should also be varied. A slower pace can be used to emphasize important points. Note that the time spent not speaking can be meaningful, too. (11) Pauses ought to be used to signal transitions or create anticipation. Because a pause gives the listeners time to think about what was just said or even to predict what might come next, it can be very effective when moving from one topic to another. I'd like you to watch and listen to a video tape and use the forms I gave you to rate the speaking voices you hear. (12) Then tonight I want you to go home and read a passage into a tape-recorder and evaluate your own voice.
9. What are the three elements that work together to create experience for listeners?
10. What is recommended by the speaker in terms of volume?
11. What should a speaker do to indicate that the topic is about to change?
12. Why did the speaker ask the listeners to read a passage into a tape-recorder?
文章一
有三個(gè)主要的因素結(jié)合在一起決定著聽眾正面或負(fù)面的體驗(yàn)。它們聯(lián)合作用可能讓聲音聽起來悅耳，并起到應(yīng)有的效果。但也可能使聲音被別人充耳不聞，甚至造成負(fù)面的效果。這三個(gè)要素就是音量、音調(diào)和語速。在對(duì)音量進(jìn)行評(píng)估時(shí)，要記住，一個(gè)好的演講者會(huì)根據(jù)房間大小和聽眾人數(shù)兩個(gè)因素來對(duì)音量進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。當(dāng)然，如果使用了像麥克風(fēng)一樣的放大工具，說話者可以使用自然音量。但是演講者不應(yīng)該對(duì)麥克風(fēng)形成依賴，好的演講者可以不用喊就發(fā)出洪亮的聲音。第二個(gè)因素，音調(diào)，和聲音的高低有關(guān)。大部分人不喜歡聽到高音，所以一般演講者應(yīng)該使用較低的音域。在演講當(dāng)中，很重要的一點(diǎn)是使音調(diào)在一定程度上波動(dòng)，這樣可以維持聽眾的興趣。第三個(gè)要素是語速，也就是詞語和聲音的發(fā)音速度。語速也應(yīng)當(dāng)進(jìn)行變化。慢語速一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)。還要注意，停頓也很有意義。停頓應(yīng)該用來表示過渡或者制造預(yù)期。因?yàn)橥ｎD可以給予聽眾時(shí)間思考說話人剛剛說過的內(nèi)容和預(yù)測(cè)下面會(huì)接著講的內(nèi)容。這在轉(zhuǎn)換話題時(shí)十分有效。我想讓你們觀看并聽一段錄像帶，你們用我給你們的表格給聽到的聲音打分。今天晚上回家后我希望你們對(duì)著錄音機(jī)讀一段文章，然后評(píng)價(jià)一下自己的聲音。
問題9 哪三個(gè)要素一起決定著聽眾的聽覺體驗(yàn)？
問題10 關(guān)于音量，演講者提出了什么建議？
問題11 演講者轉(zhuǎn)換話題時(shí)應(yīng)該給出怎樣的暗示？
問題12 為什么演講者讓聽眾讀一段文章并用錄音機(jī)錄音？
譯文屬可可原創(chuàng)，僅供學(xué)習(xí)和交流使用，未經(jīng)允許不得轉(zhuǎn)載
