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2014年英語四級閱讀練習題附答案和解析(12)

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閱讀理解考前這段時間大家的練習還是不能放松,每天都要堅持做一兩篇,下面是一篇四級閱讀練習題,大家練練手吧。
決定一個人性格的內因和外因
  Personality is, to large extent, inherent -- A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.
  One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: "Rejoice, we conquer!".
  By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.
  Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into 'B's. They would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.

  1. According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?
  A. inheritance
  B. inheritance, competition and environment
  C. competition
  D. environment
  2. Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?
  A. Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.
  B. Students are often divided by competition results.
  C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.
  D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.
  3. The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ______.
  A. pull up
  B. take up
  C. take in
  D. pull in
  4. What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?
  A. positive
  B. negative
  C. doubtful
  D. neutral
  5. What suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?
A. All students be made into competitive A types.
B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.
  C. All students be changed into B characteristics.
  D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.

重點單詞   查看全部解釋    
extent [iks'tent]

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n. 廣度,寬度,長度,大小,范圍,范圍,程度

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phrase [freiz]

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n. 短語,習語,個人風格,樂句
vt. 措詞

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severe [si'viə]

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adj. 劇烈的,嚴重的,嚴峻的,嚴厲的,嚴格的

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contribute [kən'tribju:t]

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vt. 捐助,投稿
vi. 投稿,貢獻,是原因

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passion ['pæʃən]

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n. 激情,酷愛

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negative ['negətiv]

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adj. 否定的,負的,消極的
n. 底片,負

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competitive [kəm'petitiv]

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adj. 競爭的,比賽的

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characteristics [,kærəktə'ristiks]

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n. 特性,特征;特質;特色(characteristi

 
adopt [ə'dɔpt]

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v. 采用,收養,接受

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environment [in'vaiərənmənt]

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n. 環境,外界

 
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