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Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage:
The United States court system, as part of the federal system of go-vernment, is characterized by dual hierarchies: there are both state andfederal courts. Each state has its own system of courts, composed of civiland criminal trial courts, sometimes intermediate courts of appeal, and astate supreme court. The federal court system consists of a series oftrial courts (called district courts) serving relatively small geographicregions (there is at least one for every state), a tier of circuit courtsof appeal that hear appeals from many district courts in a particular geo-graphic region, and the Supreme Court of the United States. The two courtsystems are to some extent overlapping, in that certain kinds of disputes(such as a claim that a state law is in violation of the Constitution) maybe initiated in either system. They are also to some extent hierarchical,for the federal system stands above the state system in that litigants(persons engaged in lawsuits) who lose their cases in the state supremecourt may appeal their cases to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Thus, the typical court case begins in a trial court -- a court ofgeneral jurisdiction -- in the state or federal system. Most cases go nofurther than the trial court: for example , the criminal defendant isconvicted (by a trial or a guilty plea) and sentenced by the court andthe case ends; the personal injury suit results in a judgment by a trialcourt (or an out-of-court settlement by the parties while the courts suitis pending) and the parties leave the court system. But sometimes the losingparty at the trial court cares enough about the cause that the matter doesnot end there. In these cases, the"loser"at the trial court may appealto the next higher court.
81. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A) Civil and criminal trial courts.
B) Trial court cases.
C) The court system in the United States.
D) The appeal court process.
82. According to the passage district courts are also known as_______.
A) circuit courts B) supreme courts dedecms.com
C) intermediate courts D) trial courts
83. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the phrase"engaged in"
could best be replaced by which of the following?
A) committed to. B) involved in.
C) attentive to. D) covered in.
84. The passage indicates that litigants who lose their cases in the state
trial court may take them to _______.
A) different trial court in the same state
B) court in a different geographic region
C) federal trial court
D) state supreme court
85. It can be inferred from the passage that typical court cases are _______.
A) always appealed
B) usually resolved in the district courts
C) always overlapping
D) usually settled by the Supreme Court
