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n. 品質，特質，才能
adj. 高品質的
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If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky. If you say to your children"I’m sorry I got angry with you, but ...", what follows that"but"can render the apology ineffective:"I had a bad day"or"your noise was giving me a headache"leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology. Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say "I’m sorry you’re upset"; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing your-self to get upset by what the other person has done. Then there is the general, all-covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying "I’m useless as a parent" does not commit a person to any specific improvement. These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies. But even when presented with ex-amples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing his/her parents’ clothes without permission is not. (CET-4, 2005年12月)
1. If a mother adds "but" to an apology, ______.
A) she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized
B) she does not realize that the child has been hurt
C) the child may find the apology easier to accept
D) the child may feel that he owes her an apology
2. According to the author, saying "I’m sorry you’re upset "most probably means "______".
A) You have good reason to get upset
B) I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame
C) I apologize for hurting your feelings
D) I’m at fault for making you upset
3. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology be-cause ______.
A) it gets one into the habit of making empty promises
B) it may make the other person feel guilty
C) it is vague and ineffective
D) it is hurtful and insulting
答案&解析
1. D)。細節理解題。參見第二段可知，如果你對孩子說“對不起我對你發脾氣了，但
是……”，那么“但是”后面 的內容，如：“我今天不高興”，“你的吵鬧聲讓我頭痛”，會使道歉變得無效，而且讓受到傷害的人覺得應該為自己的錯誤行為道歉。故選D)。
2. B)。推斷題。參見第三段可知，人們似乎在道歉而實際并沒有那么做的另一種方式是說“你生氣了，我很抱歉”，這意味著你要為別人的所做所為生氣那是你自己的錯。故選B)。
3. C)。細節理解題。參見第四段第一句話可知，籠統的道歉看不出那種特別具有傷害性和侮辱性的具體行為，也不能使道歉者真正做出決不再犯的承諾。故選C)。
| 重點單詞 | 查看全部解釋 | |||
| quality | ['kwɔliti] |
想一想再看 |
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| academic | [.ækə'demik] |
想一想再看 adj. 學術的，學院的，理論的 |
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| upset | [ʌp'set] |
想一想再看 adj. 心煩的，苦惱的，不安的 |
聯想記憶 | |
| indicate | ['indikeit] |
想一想再看 v. 顯示，象征，指示 |
聯想記憶 | |
| considerable | [kən'sidərəbl] |
想一想再看 adj. 相當大的，可觀的，重要的 |
聯想記憶 | |
| inherent | [in'hiərənt] |
想一想再看 adj. 內在的，固有的 |
聯想記憶 | |
| diversity | [dai'və:siti] |
想一想再看 n. 差異，多樣性，分集 |
聯想記憶 | |
| genuine | ['dʒenjuin] |
想一想再看 adj. 真正的，真實的，真誠的 |
聯想記憶 | |
| ineffective | [ini'fektiv] |
想一想再看 adj. 無效的，無能的，效率低的 |
聯想記憶 | |
| permission | [pə'miʃən] |
想一想再看 n. 同意，許可，允許 |
聯想記憶 |
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