四級的翻譯屬于綜合測試部分,考試時間只有五分鐘,占的分值亦微不足道。平心而論,這幾道題難度并不高,也就是高中水平的翻譯。其實,這種題型根本不配叫翻譯,充其量是造句練習。
大英四級以前考過兩次英譯漢,已經沒有研究價值。我們從2006年6月的新題型(漢譯英)開始著手。到目前為止,這種題一共考了三次。每次五道,一共15道題。我們把這15道題歸納成三大考點:語法結構 (grammar)、重點單詞 (key words)、固定搭配 (set structures)。
一.語法結構(grammar):考了九道,非常重要。考察的語法點:動名詞、虛擬語氣、倒裝、狀語從句(最常考)、定語從句。
1.動名詞 (gerund ):一道。
87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble finding the way to the history museum. (找到去歷史博物館的路) (2006. 6 )
強化例句:
After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. <新概念英語>
Its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it <新概念英語>
預測:2007年12月很可能會考不定式(infinitive)。也該考人家不定式了。
2.虛擬語氣(subjunctive mood):一道。
89. The victim might have survived (本來會有機會活下來) if he had been taken to hospital in time. (2006. 12 )
強化例句:If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. <新概念英語>
預測:2007年12月很可能會考一道虛擬現在的句子,如:If dad were alive, he would be horrified. <新概念英語>
3.倒裝 (inversion):樣題:
Not only did he overcharge me (他向我收費過高), but he didn’t do a good repair job either.
考點:Not only 引起的部分倒裝 (助動詞提前)
正常結構:He not only overcharged me, but he didn’t do a good repair job either.
強化例句:Only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. <新概念英語>
4.狀語從句(adverbial clauses):六道。重要考點。
1) 目的狀語 (adverbial clauses of purpose):一道。
88. In order to make money to support my schooling, Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.(2006. 6)
強化例句:This time he was barking so that someone would let him out. <新概念英語>
2) 讓步狀語 (adverbial clauses of concession):一道。
91. Though a skilled worker, he was fired by the company (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.(2006. 6)
強化例句:No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. <新概念英語>
3) 時間狀語 (adverbial clauses of time):一道。
90. Some psychologists claim that people may feel lonely when they’re away from home. (出門在外時可能會感到孤獨)(2006. 12 )
強化例句:They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open.<新概念英語>
4) 條件狀語 (adverbial clauses of condition):一道。
91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it’s convenient for you. (如果你方便的話) (2007. 6.)
強化例句:If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it! <新概念英語>
5) 比較狀語 (結構) (adverbial clauses of comparison or comparative constructions ):兩道。
88. Since my childhood I have found that to me, nothing is more interesting than reading. (沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力) (2006. 12)
強化例句:Nothing could have been more annoying. <新概念英語>
90. The more you explain, the more confused I am (我愈糊涂).(2006. 6)
強化例句:The older I get, the happier I am. <新編英語語法教程>
預測:2007年12月很可能會考結果狀語(adverbial of result)、原因狀語(adverbial of reason)、方式狀語(adverbial of manner)、地點狀語(adverbial of place)。
5.定語從句 (attributive clauses):一道。
88. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is the field (where) we can cooperate. (我們可以合作的領域 ) (2007.6)
強化例句:It has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. <新概念英語>
預測:會越來越多。