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We started by finding examples of face pareidolia on the internet. [qh]
我們開始從互聯網上尋找面部空想性錯視的例子。 [qh]
Now, people send us their own examples.[qh]
現在，人們寄給我們他們自己的例子。[qh]
And we also take photos of illusory faces that we see out in the world.[qh]
我們也會給我們在世界上看到的錯覺面孔拍照。 [qh]
They showed 250 of these photos to some thirty-eight hundred volunteers.[qh]
他們向大約3800名志愿者展示了其中的250張照片。 [qh]
And we found that people readily attribute these features to illusory faces. [qh]
我們發現，人們很容易將這些特征歸因于錯覺面孔。 [qh]
For example, a given illusory face might look like a fearful young boy or a grumpy older woman.[qh]
例如，一張給定的錯覺臉可能看起來像一個害怕的小男孩或一個脾氣暴躁的老女人。[qh]
But most striking of all…[qh]
但最令人震驚的是…… [qh]
There was a strong bias for people to perceive illusory faces as male rather than female.[qh]
人們強烈傾向于將錯覺面孔感知為男性而非女性。 [qh]
About four times as often, the researchers found.[qh]
研究人員發現，大約四倍于此。 [qh]
And this was the case for both female and male participants.[qh]
這是女性和男性參與者的情況。 [qh]
So it wasn’t just that men saw Mr. Potato Head everywhere they looked. [qh]
所以，男性不僅到處都能看到蛋頭先生。 [qh]
It also wasn’t tied to the type of object in question like a hammer versus a handbag.[qh]
它也與問題對象的類型，比如錘子和手提包，沒有聯系。[qh]
And the male bias persists when the faces are shown in black and white, so it’s not due to gender associations with color, either.[qh]
當臉是黑白的時候，面孔是男性的偏倚仍然存在，所以這也不是因為性別與顏色的聯系。 [qh]
Obviously none of these fake faces has a biological sex.[qh]
顯然，這些虛假的面部都沒有生理性別。 [qh]
Which means there is no reason for us to perceive them to have a particular gender. [qh]
這意味著我們沒有理由認為他們有特定的性別。 [qh]
The fact that we do shows the illusory faces also engage our social perception system.[qh]
事實上，我們確實展示了錯覺面孔，這也涉及到我們的社會感知系統。 [qh]
And the reason we default to seeing males is that our brains need more information before we see a face as female. [qh]
我們默認看到男性的原因是，我們的大腦需要更多的信息，才能看到女性的面孔。 [qh]
Think of a smiley face emoji.[qh]
想想一個笑臉表情。 [qh]
Most people would probably say that it looks more male than female. [qh]
大多數人可能會說它看起來更像男性而不是女性。 [qh]
The addition of other details, such as eyelashes and hair, is used to make emojis look more female. [qh]
加上睫毛和頭發等其他細節，表情符號才看起來更女性化。 [qh]
The same is true of Lego characters.[qh]
樂高角色也是如此。 [qh]
The fact that we’re so quick to see faces in couch cushions and tree trunks and slices of bread…gender assignments aside…is maybe not all that surprising. [qh]
事實上，我們能如此迅速地在沙發墊、樹干和面包片上看到人臉……撇開性別分配不講……原因也許并不那么令人驚訝。 [qh]
The same thing happens to monkeys…creatures who are also hard-wired for making social connections.[qh]
同樣的事情也發生在猴子身上，它們天生就有建立社會聯系的能力。 [qh]
And it suggests that we see illusory faces because, like other social primates, our brains are so tuned into faces, we don’t want to miss a single face in the environment, even if that means occasionally making a mistake.[qh]
這表明我們看到了錯覺面孔，因為，像其他社會性靈長類動物一樣，我們的大腦對面孔是如此敏感，我們不想錯過環境中任何一張面孔，即使這意味著偶爾會犯錯誤。[qh]
Seems the potential benefit of gaining a friend is worth more than the potential cost of losing face.[qh]
似乎獲得一個朋友的潛在好處比錯認面孔的潛在代價更值得。 [qh]
For Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I’m Karen Hopkin.[qh]
謝謝大家收聽科學美國人——60秒科學。我是凱倫·霍普金。[qh]
文章為可可英語翻譯，未經授權請勿轉載！
