1.grow up 長大;成年
She grew up in Tokyo.
她在東京長大
。2.so-called 所謂的;號稱的
These are the facts that explode their so-called economic miracle.
這些就是用來粉碎他們所謂的經濟奇跡的事實
。3.serve as 作為;擔任
Water may serve as a type of instability.
水可以作為不穩定性的象征
。4.over and over again 反復;一次又一次
We had to do the scene over and over again, from different angles.
我們不得不翻來覆去地從不同的角度拍這個場面
。