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VOA慢速英語(翻譯+字幕+講解):巴西候選人波索納羅提出靠金屬鈮提振經濟

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Public opinion studies suggest that Brazilian presidential candidate Jair Bolsonaro is likely to win Sunday's election.

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The candidate believes he knows of a resource that may help his nation's economy: niobium.

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Niobium is a metal that is added to steel to make it stronger and lighter. It is in high demand by carmakers, space travel companies and in many other industries.

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Brazil produces about 85 percent of the world's supply of niobium. Bolsonaro wants to keep Brazil's market position.

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In 2016, Bolsonaro made a 20-minute YouTube video about the value of the metal and how it could be a large part of Brazil's economy in the future.

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Brazil's military dictatorship, which ruled from 1964 to 1985, wanted to protect natural resources, such as oil and minerals, from foreign companies.

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Bolsonaro is a former military officer. He has long supported the idea of a military-led government. But he has said he supports free-market economics as a presidential candidate.

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The 2016 video was recorded at a mine owned by a privately-held Brazilian company known as CBMM. Bolsonaro praised CBMM for its jobs that pay well, its private pre-school and other support the company provides for its workers.

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He added that Brazil would be better off if it supported CBMM's method of development and centered its efforts on "future applications" of niobium.

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The same year, the Chinese company China Molybdenum Co. Ltd., or COMC, bought a niobium mine 200 kilometers away from CBMM.

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Bolsonaro is believed to be the first presidential candidate to make niobium a campaign issue. Speaking on national television in August, he criticized the CMOC purchase.

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He said, It's something only we have, we should invest in technology and research to use this mineral. Instead we sell and deliver the mine to them.

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Mining experts say Bolsonaro's niobium fears are exaggerated.

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Hugo Nadler is a former CBMM executive. He says CMOC's Brazil mine makes up just 10 percent of the global market.

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That leaves about 75 percent to Brazil's CBMM. In a statement, CBMM told Reuters it is the only company that sells in all parts of the niobium market. That includes products used to make airplanes and superconductors.

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CBMM said there is a lot of potential for expanding the use of niobium in applications such as car batteries and other products.

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Nadler said, if the niobium market grows, it is unlikely to have much of an effect on an economy the size of Brazil's.

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Mining makes up 5 percent of GDP, if you take the portion that is niobium, it's nothing, he said.

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GDP is the most used measure of all the goods and services produced within a country.

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But Bolsonaro remains a believer.

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In his video, he said, Niobium can give Brazil economic independence.

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I'm Jonathan Evans.

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