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Olympic athletes submit their bodies to grueling training. And then they soar around the world to meet the competition. American east coast athletes traveled five time zones to get to London. West coast athletes leapt over eight. And increased the odds that they'll get a cold, if not the gold. So says a study in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
奧運(yùn)選手一直忍受著殘酷的體能訓(xùn)練。世界各地的運(yùn)動(dòng)員激增，他們聚集在一起比賽。美國(guó)東海岸線運(yùn)動(dòng)員跨越了5個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)來(lái)到倫敦。西海岸運(yùn)動(dòng)員則跨越了8個(gè)多時(shí)區(qū)。他們要么拿了金牌，要么患上了感冒，這兩種可能的概率都很大。發(fā)表在《英國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)期刊》上的一項(xiàng)研究如此說(shuō)道。
Researchers tracked 259 elite rugby players in the 2010 Super 14 Rugby Tournament. The 16 weeks of games took place in Australia, South Africa and New Zealand.
研究人員跟蹤了2010年14場(chǎng)橄欖球賽的259名精英球員。這屆橄欖球賽分別在澳大利亞，南非和新西蘭舉辦，為期16個(gè)星期。
On average, there were 21 illnesses per thousand player-days. But players in their home countries endured only 15 illnesses per thousand days. And when a team traveled more than five time zones in either direction, illnesses rates more than doubled. The number dropped back to 10 after they flew back home. The illnesses were primarily infections, such as respiratory or intestinal illnesses.
在此期間每1000個(gè)比賽日，平均有21個(gè)病例。但是在本國(guó)比賽的運(yùn)動(dòng)員中，每1000個(gè)比賽日只有15起病例。而且不論朝那個(gè)方向跨越五個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)或以上，患病率就會(huì)加倍。回國(guó)后生病人數(shù)又下降到10人。感染的疾病主要是呼吸道或者腸道疾病。
A weakened immune system does not appear to be a factor. The researchers suggest that differences in temperature, pollution, allergens and different foods and local microbes are the likeliest culprits. One more element that might give European Olympians a home field advantage.
免疫系統(tǒng)虛弱似乎不是誘因。研究人員表示溫度，污染，過(guò)敏源的差異，不同的食物，以及當(dāng)?shù)氐奈⑸镒钣锌赡苷T發(fā)疾病。這是歐洲奧運(yùn)選手主場(chǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的另一個(gè)因素。
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