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A coal mine can degrade its local environment. But a fungus may inadvertently help clean up the mine—with its own waste products.
一座煤礦可能會污染當地的環境。但是有一類真菌可能會在不經意間，用其排除的廢物清理煤礦。
Researchers worked with a fungus called Stilbella aciculosa. As it makes spores, it also produces superoxide. That's a highly reactive kind of oxygen. When the released superoxide bumps into the mineral manganese in the environment, it makes that mineral much more reactive itself. The pepped-up manganese then grabs and holds a variety of toxic metals and other substances that need to be cleaned up and gotten out of coal mine drainage water.
研究人員研究了一種名叫Stilbella aciculosa的真菌。這種真菌長有芽孢，也分泌超氧化物（一種高活性的氧）。當釋放出來的氧化物無意中接觸到環境里的礦物錳時，會使礦物錳活性更強。激活的錳元素會吸收大量有毒金屬，還有其他需要被清理的，從煤礦地下水系統脫離出來的物質。
The research, led by Colleen Hansel of Harvard and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
該研究由來自哈弗和伍茲霍爾海洋研究所的科琳·漢斯領導，研究成果將發表在美國《國家科學院院刊》上。
It's been known that various bacteria and fungi can help in environmental remediation. The new research shows that production of the vital forms of manganese requires that the fungi and bacteria be actively producing superoxide. So creating conditions that encourage the organisms to make the superoxide could be the first step in a pathway by which they help manganese to literally do the dirty work. And make some toxic mine sites a lot cleaner.
眾所周知，種類繁多的細菌和真菌能幫助改善環境。新的研究顯示，能否生成這種重要的錳化合物，取決于真菌和細菌是否能夠生產超氧化物。因此為這種有機體合成超氧化物創造有利條件，只是幫助礦物質錳“干臟活”這個過程中的第一步。這樣便使一些有害礦址變得干凈許多。
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