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缺少高管阻礙中國企業海外擴張
咨詢公司麥肯錫(McKinsey)進行的一項中國企業調查顯示，缺乏有國際經驗的高管，增加了中國企業進行海外收購的難度。
A dearth of executives with international experience is complicating efforts by Chinese companies to make overseas acquisitions, according to a survey of Chinese enterprises conducted by consultants McKinsey.
盡管涉及中國集團的跨境交易數量在加速增長，但75%的受訪公司表示，缺少合格高管阻礙了其國際擴張計劃。
Although the number of cross-border deals involving Chinese groups was accelerating, 75 per cent of the companies polled said a lack of qualified executives was holding back international expansion plans.
“具有國際企業工作經驗的中國經理人相對較少，”麥肯錫上海分公司董事長、報告的聯合作者歐高敦(Gordon Orr)表示。“特別是缺少某些功能領域的經驗，比如并購。”
“There are relatively few managers in China with experience of working in an international organization,” said Gordon Orr, a director of McKinsey’s Shanghai office and co-author of the report. “There is also a specific lack of experience in certain functional areas such as undertaking mergers and acquisitions.”
這份報告出臺之際，人們正對中國企業的擴張計劃猜測紛紛。市場一直有傳言稱，中國公司將試圖對英澳礦業集團力拓(Rio Tinto)發起競購。力拓已經收到必和必拓(BHP Billiton)的1400億美元收購報價。
The report comes at a time of intense speculation about the expansion plans of corporate China, including persistent rumours that Chinese companies will try to put together a counter-bid for Rio Tinto, the Anglo-Australian mining group which has received a $140bn bid from BHP Billiton.
麥肯錫稱，自2005年初以來，中國公司已經達成了價值2710億美元的海外交易，高于印度公司的2120億美元。
According to McKinsey, Chinese companies have done overseas deals worth $271bn since the start of 2005, compared to $212bn for Indian companies.
然而，中國公司迄今大多回避大型收購，部分原因就是由于缺乏管理專長。中國的銀行一直在專注于購買跨國企業少數股權，資源公司則把注意力放在單個礦業項目上。
However, Chinese companies have largely eschewed big takeovers, in part because of a lack of management expertise. Instead, Chinese banks have focused on buying small stakes in multinationals while resources companies have concentrated on individual mining projects.
麥肯錫采訪了30家中國領軍企業的高管。根據采訪結果撰寫的這份報告發現，中國的集團沒有印度或拉美集團那么大的國際野心。只有50%的受訪中國公司表示渴望成為跨國企業，而同類研究數據顯示，有79%的印度公司和63%的拉美公司有志成為跨國企業。
The McKinsey study, which was based on interviews with senior executives at 30 leading Chinese companies, found that Chinese groups had fewer international ambitions than peers in India or Latin America. While only 50 per cent of Chinese companies in the survey said they aspired to become multinationals, the figure from parallel studies was 79 per cent for Indian companies and 63 per cent for Latin America.
中國企業表示，它們常常缺少交易完成后執行并購所需的技能。有半數公司表示，它們在海外目標市場招募高管方面不成功。
Chinese companies said they often lacked the skills needed to implement mergers or acquisitions once deals had been completed and half said they had been unsuccessful at recruiting executives in overseas target markets.
北京世界經濟與政治研究所(Institute of World Economics and Politics)研究員張明指出，由于缺乏經驗和政治上的反對，中國公司走向海外時必然會遇到問題。他表示，中國公司必須大幅提高業務方式的靈活性。
Zhang Ming, a researcher at the Institute of World Economics and Politics in Beijing, said Chinese companies would inevitably face problems as they go overseas because of lack of experience and political opposition. “Chinese companies will have to become much more flexible in the way they do business,” he said.
adj. 加速的，促進的，催化的 動詞accelerat
