Ⅲ.課文篇

Today we all live in an increasingly culturally diverse world. Each year thousands, if not millions, of people leave their homes to work abroad and almost every company no matter where you live, will employ people from other countries or cultures.

如今我們生活在一個文化上日趨多元化的世界里。每年都會有成千上萬甚至幾百萬的人離開家鄉到異國工作。不論你住在哪里，幾乎每個公司都會有來自不同國家或不同文化背景的員工。

Sadly, not everyone has the skills in interacting with people from other cultures. In a company, bad interaction between cultures leads to loss of productivity and can have a very bad impact on company morale.

不幸的是，并非每個人都很了解怎樣與外國人交流。在一個公司里，不同的文化之間得不到很好的地交流會導致公司的生產率下降，而且會對公司的士氣產生負面影響。

Let’s have a look at different types of cross-cultural training that exists to make sure that we can all get along in the work place:

讓我們來了解一下目前不同形式的跨文化培訓，以保證我們大家都能夠在工作中做到游刃有余。

Diversity training is not a new idea. Diversity trainers use their expertise in:

多元化培訓并不是一個新概念。培訓者們從下列方面展開培訓：

conflict resolution,

preparing organizations for increases in racial, ethnic, cultural, and gender diversity,

preparing employees for international work,

safeguarding against harassment and unfair employment lawsuits,

taking advantage of employee diversity to increase productivity,

conducting cultural audits,

managing sexual attraction in the workplace,

developing competencies needed to exploit the international marketplace.

紛爭解決，

讓公司做好面向種族、民族、文化和性別方面不斷多元化的準備，

讓員工做好在國際環境下工作的準備，

防止紛爭和不公平的員工訴訟，

利用員工文化多元化的特點增加生產率，

制定公司文化制度，

處理好工作中異性間的關系，

發展開發國際市場需要的競爭機制。

Diversity training has existed for quite a while in some form or another, although different labels were used to refer to it. Perhaps the most globally shared label is cross-cultural training.

多元化培訓已經以一種形式或另一種形式存在很久了，盡管冠以的名稱不同。也許在世界范圍內最被認可的一種說法是跨文化培訓。

Race relations training and multicultural education are common labels used in the United States. As the labels suggest, diversity training aims to combat racism, sexism, exclusion, and ethnocentrism.

種族關系培訓和多文化教育是在美國常用的名稱。顧名思義，多元化培訓的目的是反對種族歧視、性別歧視、排外主義和種族中心主義。

Diversity training aims to give individuals and companies a competitive edge in an increasingly global community. Diversity courses provide people with the skills they need to get the most out of interactions with people of a different race, gender, or nationality.

多元化培訓旨在使員工和公司在日趨國際化的社會中具有競爭優勢。多元化課程為人們提供必要的技能，使他們從與不同種族、性別或國家的人們的交流中最大獲益。

Multicultural training focuses on educating people to understand and appreciate cultural differences. Diversity training focuses on building community rather than pointing out how people are different.

多文化培訓的中心是讓人們理解和正確認識文化差異。多元化培訓注重的是建立一個共同的社會而不是突出人們之間是怎樣不同。

Appreciation of differences is important, but it is not considered the highest priority competency. The abilities to make others comfortable and included are most important, no matter how much you know about their culture.

正確認識文化間的差異很重要，但并不被認為是最重要的能力。不論你對其他人的文化了解多少，在交流中讓他們感到舒服和親切是最重要的能力。

Cross-cultural training focuses on educating people to manage themselves in other countries or as a minority in another cultural group. Diversity training provides knowledge and skills to manage cultural differences that exist in one’s own country and in others.

跨文化培訓的核心在于培訓人們在其他國家或做為少數民族在其他文化群體中處理事情的能力。多元化培訓提供給人們在自己國家或其他國家處理文化差異的知識和技巧。

Diversity also includes gender, sexual preference, religion, and other types of diversity that are not central in cross-cultural training.

多元化還包括性別、性歧視、宗教和其它方面的多元化，這些都不是跨文化培訓的中心內容。

Race relations training focuses on educating people to understand and appreciate racial differences, and helping different races get along. Race refers to skin color differences in the United States while Europeans tend to include nationality in their definition. American race relations trainers often assume that White American privilege is a central problem in addressing racism.

種族關系培訓注重于培訓人們對種族差異的理解和正確認識，幫助不同種族的人們融洽相處。種族在美國指的是皮膚顏色的不同，而在歐洲人的定義中還包括國籍。美國種族關系的培訓者們經常認為美國白人至上是種族歧視的中心問題。

Diversity training includes race relations while addresses the general problem of dealing with people who are different. Institutional barriers are considered without placing blame on individuals.

多元化培訓將種族關系包括其中，強調的是解決不同文化背景的人們之間存在的普遍問題。它考慮的是習俗上的差異而不會將錯誤歸咎于個人。