I'm sure many of you have read articles about how kids are allowed to roam free, do whatever they want in the west, and they really aren't put under that much pressure as the kids in China.

相信很多人都讀過那種 “西方快樂教育”的文章, 并且十分羨慕。但今天的Buzzword里, 想和你分享一個在近些年來英語國家也逐漸開始認同的一個教育理念，叫做Grit教育 , 我看過有把它翻譯成 “堅毅教育”或者 “堅韌教育”。

Have you ever wondered what makes someone a good student, a good athlete, or a good leader? Why do some people accomplish their goals while others fail. What makes the difference?

你有沒有想過不管在哪個領域，不管在多大或者多小的環境里，為什么有人成功有人失敗?

Usually we answer these questions by talking about the talent of top performers. We say they are very gifted, they are very talented, but we all know there's more to the story than that.

我們也都知道能成功，絕對不只靠天賦。

Now some research seem to argue that what makes a bigger impact than talent or intelligence is mental toughness.

Mental toughness or grit as they call. It plays a more important role than anything else for achieving your goals in health, business, and life in general.

于是很多最近的研究就得出這樣的一個結論，就說grit或者叫mental toughness，你個人精神的堅韌、堅毅程度才是最終決定你是否能成功的要素。

01 So what is grit?

Grit is the perseverance and passion to achieve long term goals.

簡單來說grit就是達成長遠目標long term goals的這種perseverance堅持不懈and passion和熱情.

Angela Duckworth, a researcher at the University of Pennsylvania did this popular Ted talk.

She suggests that grit is a strong predictor of success and ability to reach one's goals.

說到grit怎么火起來，就不得不提到 Angela Duckworth, 她是做了一個挺有名的Ted演講，有興趣的你也可以去看一下，專門講grit.

她也把自己的研究成果寫成了這樣一本關于grit的書。

Her research on grit has shown that, for example, West Point cadets who scored highest on the Grit Test were 60% more likely to succeed than their peers.

西點軍校里那些 Grit Test里面得分高的學生，在以后的生活訓練學習里比其他人的成功概率要高出了60%.

Ivy League undergraduate students who had more grit also had higher GPAs than their peers .

在Ivy League就是美國這些頂級藤校的大學生里面，如果更有grit的這些人，他們的整個績點也會明顯的高于他們的同學。

When comparing two people who are the same age but have different levels of education, grit (and not intelligence) more accurately predicts which one will be better educated.

Now this is very interesting because earlier studies of achievement often emphasize the notion that high achieving people typically possess traits above and beyond that of normal ability.

在此之前，很多關于這些成功人士的研究都會聚焦在他們異于常人的這些能力水平天賦等等上面。

But people like Duckworth, they emphasize that grit is a better predictor of achievement than intellectual talent because grit provides the stamina required to stay the course amid challenges and setbacks.

但是近些年來像Duckworth做出的這樣的研究，就表明其實成功路上最重要的品質就是堅韌、堅毅，因為只有這樣才能在各種的挑戰和挫折面前還能夠繼續走下去.

Stay the course.

02 Some of the characteristics

relating to grit

01勇氣

Number one is Courage.

While courage is hard to measure, it is directly proportional to your level of grit. More specifically, your ability to manage fear of failure is imperative and a predictor of success.

跟grit相關的人格特質的其中之一是courage勇氣, 這個勇氣主要是去manage fear of failure敢于應對失敗的勇氣。

Gritty people are not afraid to fail, but they rather embrace it as part of process because they understand their valuable lessons in failure, in defeat.

一個有grit的人是不害怕失敗的, 因為他們可以從失敗中汲取力量和經驗。

This is also why that many experts are saying that we shouldn't coddle kids too much.

When we raise kids, we should allow them to fail. And this is how they become grittier.

02長遠的規劃和耐力

The second trait is Long-term goals and endurance, the ability to follow through.

In his 2007 best selling book Outliers, Malcolm Gladwell mentioned this 10,000-hour theory.

相信大家都聽過什么1萬個小時的理論，這個理論就是說：

even if you are very talented, if you want to become successful in anything, you need at least 20 hours a week over 10 years which is the equivalent of 10,000 hours to excel.

提出grit的這位Angela Duckworth, 她也提出過一個差不多的時長。

But then again, one of the distinctions between someone who succeeds and someone who's just spending a lot of time doing something is practice must have purpose.

那1萬個小時究竟是浪費還是最后能讓你成功, 它中間的區別就是這1萬個小時的練習究竟有沒有一個 long term purpose, long term goal, 一個長遠的規劃和目的；

為了這個目的，你可以有長久持續下去的耐力，這也是grit里面非常重要的一個組成部分。

02“韌性”或者“復原力”

And then we come to Resilience.

Resilience這個詞被翻譯成 “韌性”或者 “復原力”，because on your long journey to greatness to success, you're going to fail, you're going to run into all sorts of problems and setbacks.

What gives you the strength to get up and fight again? this is where you need resilience.

Resilience is a dynamic combination of optimism, creativity, and confidence.

其實韌性它是樂觀、創造力和自信的一個有機結合。

Gritty people believe everything will be all right in the end. If it is not all right, it is not the end.

這句話意思就是說有grit的人，他們會有足夠的積極的心態認為只要你堅持，最后一切都會變好的;

而如果事情沒有變好，證明還沒有到山窮水盡，還沒有到最后。

04 卓越 vs 完美

And the last one is the idea of Excellence vs. Perfection 卓越 vs 完美.

In general, gritty people don't seek perfection, but instead strive for excellence.

有這種grit精神的人，他往往不是完美主義者，他要的是卓越而非完美。

Because perfection is unforgiving and inflexible. It actually becomes a hindrance on your way to success.

因為事事追求完美反而會成為你成功路上的絆腳石。

Excellence is an attitude, not an endgame. It is far more forgiving, allowing and embracing failure and vulnerability on the ongoing quest for improvement.

而追求卓越而非完美，讓你可以接受偶爾的失敗, 可以接受中間的不確定和脆弱性，才能夠讓你不斷的爬起來，繼續往下走。

Like excellence, grit is an attitude about seeking, striving, finding, and never yielding.

其實返回去想想，為什么有那么多人喜歡賈玲的《熱辣滾燙》賀歲片，她在那場比賽里并沒有贏，但她展現的確實是這種的精神.

Now let's move on to the sample sentence.

例句示范

Sample Sentence：

-In her bestseller, she documented how grit predicts long-term success in nearly every realm of life