Apples are ON the tree.
Birds are IN the tree.

a boy from the ghetto 來自貧民窟的男孩子
（Here, the preposition from tells us the relationship between ghetto and boy.）
a bone for the dog 一根給狗吃的骨頭
（Here, the preposition for tells us the relationship between dog and bone.）
A preposition precedes a noun (or a pronoun) to show the noun's (or the pronoun's) relationship to another word in the sentence.
介詞是用來表示名詞（或代詞）和句子中其他詞之間的關系的一個虛詞。

表時間時：
at for a PRECISE TIME
具體的時刻點
in for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS
月，年，世紀，長的時間段
on for DAYS and DATES
日期或者星期
The appointment is at 8:30 today.
會議在8:30。
The Qing Dynasty is in 1911.
清朝在1911年。
I will see you on the 15th of October.
我10月15號見你。

表地點時：
At a Point 在具體的地點
In tells us the noun is in an enclosed space (surround or closed off on all sides). Basically, when something is inside something. 在里面
On tells us that the following noun is located on a surface. Use on when one thing is attached to or touching something. 在上面，有接觸面或者接觸點
She's waiting at the entrance.
她在入口處等。
He's sitting on his chair at his desk.
他坐在桌子那里的凳子上。
I work at a bank.
我在一家銀行上班。
Meet Simon at the end of the road.
在路的盡頭去見Simon。
In a box 在盒子里
In a room 在一個房間里
In a country 在一個國家里
You left your glasses in the bathroom.
你把你的眼鏡落在了浴室里。
On the table. 在桌子上
On the floor. 在地板上
On the chair. 在椅子上
Is that a spider on the wall?
墻上是一只蜘蛛嗎？

其他：
About- A specific subject
關于
"What is that book about?"
那本書是關于什么？
By- Doing this
通過
The book was written by Jack Johnson.
這本書是 Jack Johnson 寫的（出自他之手）
for 作用
What are chopsticks used for?
筷子是用來干嘛的？
Of- belonging or to belong - 所屬關系
The Great Wall of China 中國的長城