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Now you don't need a PhD to see that that leaves four percent for the rest of diversity.
你不需要一個博士學位都能發現其他的種族只有4%。
And in my own searching, I've discovered that far less than one percent have actually focused on indigenous communities, like myself.
在我自己的研究里，我發現遠不到1%的研究是專注于像我一樣的土著居民。
So that begs the question: Who is the Human Genome Project actually for?
所以我要問一個問題：人類基因組計劃究竟是為了誰？
Just like we have different colored eyes and hair, we metabolize drugs differently based on the variation in our genomes.
就像我們有著不同顏色的眼睛和頭發一樣，根據我們的基因組，我們對藥物的新陳代謝不同。
So how many of you would be shocked to learn that 95 percent of clinical trials
所以我不知道你們會多驚訝95%的醫療臨床試驗
have also exclusively featured individuals of European ancestry?
也是專門為歐洲血統的人。
This bias and systematic lack of engagement of indigenous people in both clinical trials and genome studies
這一不公平和缺少對土著居民的系統研究，在醫療臨床和基因研究領域
is partially the result of a history of distrust.
都是造成歷史上種族不信任的部分原因。
For example, in 1989, researchers from Arizona State University obtained blood samples from Arizona's Havasupai tribe,
舉個例子，1989年，亞利桑那州州立大學的研究者們在亞利桑那州哈瓦蘇部落采集了血樣，
promising to alleviate the burden of type 2 diabetes that was plaguing their community,
保證減輕在社區橫行的2型糖尿病，
only to turn around and use those exact same samples -- without the Havasupai's consent
但是卻在沒有哈瓦蘇人的同意下，用這些血樣
to study rates of schizophrenia, inbreeding, and challenge the Havasupai's origin story.
來研究精神分裂癥和近親繁殖的概率，并且挑戰哈瓦蘇部落的起源。
When the Havasupai found out, they sued successfully for $700,000, and they banned ASU from conducting research on their reservation.
當哈瓦蘇人發現的時候，他們成功起訴，獲得了70萬美元的罰款，還禁止亞利桑那州立大學對其部落的研究。
This culminated in a sort of domino effect with local tribes in the Southwest
這件事在美國西南造成了多米諾效應，
including the Navajo Nation, one of the largest tribes in the country -- putting a moratorium on genetic research.
包括美國最大的部落：納瓦霍族，他們叫停了一個基因的研究。
