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來源于《社論》版塊
Digital payments
電子支付
The dash from cash
現金的猛沖
Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments. They need to do more to prepare for the side-effects
發達國家競相使用電子支付。應做好準備應對隨之而來的副作用
For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. From buying food to settling bar tabs, day-today dealings involved creased paper or clinking bits of metal. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off— tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient—but it also poses new problems that could hold the transition hostage.
過去的三千年間，提起錢人們就會想起現金。從購買食物到結算酒吧消費，日常交易都涉及到皺巴巴的紙幣或叮當作響的金屬幣。然而，過去十年間，電子支付突然取得成功，在終端機劃卡或刷手機已經成為常態?，F在，這場革命即將讓現金在發達國家成為瀕危物種。這將使經濟更加有效，但同時也帶來了一些新的問題，這些問題可能會阻礙經濟轉型。
Countries are eliminating cash at varying speeds. But the direction of travel is clear, and in some cases the journey is nearly complete. In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind the Nordic countries. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its dominance is being eroded. In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.
現金在各個國家消失的速度不同。但是，旅行的方向是明確的，在某些情況下，旅程幾乎已經完成。在過去的十年里，瑞典人均零售現金交易數量下降了80%。按價值計算，現金僅占挪威購買量的6%。英國可能比北歐國家落后四或六年。美國或許落后了十年。而在發達國家之外，現金仍然是王道。但即便非發達國家，其主導地位也正在受到侵蝕。在中國，電子支付占所有支付的比例從2012年的4%升至2017年的34%。
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