The U.S. Wants North Korea to Get Rid of Its Nukes. But for Pyongyang, ‘Denuclearization’ Means Something Very Different
美國希望朝鮮放棄核武器。但對朝鮮來說，“無核化”意味非常
BY BILL POWELL
作者：比爾·鮑威爾
For a moment, the South Korean official was silent. It was late December, and, with negotiations between the United States and North Korea at a stalemate, I had asked a straightforward question: What, exactly, does the “denuclearization” of the Korean Peninsula mean? The matter is at the heart of the historic talks Donald Trump and Kim Jong Un began in Singapore last June. The South Korean official, a senior adviser to President Moon Jae-in, let out a deep sigh. “There is no consensus,” the official said, “not between us and the U.S., not between North Korea and the U.S.; not, frankly, even within our own government.”
韓國官員沉默了片刻。當時是12月下旬，隨著美國和朝鮮之間的談判陷入僵局，我提出了一個直截了當的問題：朝鮮半島無核化究竟是什么意思？這個問題是去年6月唐納德·特朗普和金正恩在新加坡開始的歷史性會談的核心。這位韓國官員是文在寅總統的高級顧問，他深深地嘆了口氣?！吧形催_成共識，”這位官員表示，“我們和美國之間沒有達成共識，朝鮮和美國之間沒有達成共識；坦白講，甚至我們政府內部也沒有達成共識?！?/p>
That answer is the principal reason why the once-thawing relations between the two sides now seem to be getting colder. Trump, of course, had famously declared the nuclear crisis “largely solved” after last summer’s summit. But in November, as talks stalled, the North Koreans canceled a planned meeting between U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and the North’s chief nuclear negotiator, Kim Yong Chol. Just over a month later, on December 16, as the U.S. increased sanctions, Pyongyang’s Foreign Ministry fired a warning shot: The added economic pressure, it said, could be America’s “greatest miscalculation,” potentially blocking a deal “forever—a result desired by no one.”
這個答案是為什么雙方一度緩和的關系現在似乎越來越冷的主要原因。當然，特朗普曾在去年夏天的峰會后宣布，核危機“基本上已經解決”。但去年11月，由于談判陷入停滯，朝鮮取消了美國國務卿蓬佩奧與朝鮮首席核談判代表金英哲原定的會晤。一個多月后的12月16日，隨著美國加大對朝制裁力度，朝鮮外交部發出警告：報告說，經濟壓力增加可能是美國“最大的誤判”，有可能“永遠”阻止一項協議達成——這是任何人都不希望看到的結果。
To skeptics of the rapprochement that the president set after with typical fanfare, the diplomatic deadlock was all too predictable. The path toward denuclearization was always going to be vastly more complicated than the Trump administration has publicly acknowledged.
對于總統在典型宣傳之后表示恢復邦交的懷疑者來說，外交僵局完全在意料之中。無核化道路總是比特朗普政府公開承認的要復雜得多。
Start with Washington’s opening position: The U.S. insists that the North must first comply with what it calls “complete, verifiable and irreversible dismantlement” of its nuclear program. That begins with a declaration of all the work the North has done on its nuke program, and all the material the nation has used in pursuing it. Then—and only then—would the North begin to see the benefits it seeks, including the end of economic sanctions, which could trigger huge investments from South Korea, China, Japan and the U.S., and a formal end to the Korean War, as well as diplomatic recognition from Washington. From Pyongyang’s perspective, these demands are not just unrealistic—they are ludicrous. “To North Korea, it’s a request that they unilaterally disarm before anything else happens, and that’s just not something that they can do,” says the South Korean presidential adviser.
從美國政府開放立場開始：美國堅持朝鮮必須首先遵守其所謂的“全面、可核查和不可逆轉的拆除”核計劃。首先聲明朝鮮在核項目上所做的所有工作，以及這個國家為實現這一目標所使用的所有材料。只有到那時，朝鮮才會開始看到它所尋求的好處，包括結束經濟制裁，這可能會吸引韓國、中國、日本和美國的巨額投資。朝鮮戰爭正式結束，并得到美國政府的外交承認。從朝鮮政府的角度來看，這些要求不僅不切實際，而且荒唐可笑?！皩Τr來說，這是要求他們在其他事情發生之前單方面解除武裝，而這不是他們能做的，”韓國總統顧問表示。
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