The trouble is that governments frequently lump in criminal actions with regressive norms. Germany is leading a drive to curb foreign influence of mosques, train imams and control funding. France wants to cajole Muslims into a representative body. They are echoing the Muslim world, where Islam is often a state religion that is run, and stifled, by governments.
問題是政府經常把犯罪行為和過時的規范混為一談。為遏制清真寺的外來影響，德國正在領導一項運動，培訓伊瑪目，控制資金。法國想要哄騙穆斯林組成一個具有代表性的機構。他們是在呼應穆斯林世界，在那里，伊斯蘭教通常是由政府管理和壓制的國家宗教。
However, the top-down nannying of religion risks a backlash. Heavy-handed interference will alienate communities whose co-operation is needed to identify potential terrorists and abusers among them. Put on the defensive, Muslims will deepen communal identities and retreat into the very segregation that intervention is supposed to reverse.
然而，自上而下的宗教保姆制度可能會遭到強烈反對。嚴厲的干預將疏遠那些需要合作來識別潛在恐怖分子和施虐者的社區。若被迫處于守勢，穆斯林將加深社會認同，退回到隔離狀態，而干預本應逆轉這種狀態。
Rather than intervene in doctrine, it is better to deal with social conservatism through argument and persuasion. That can make for testy debate. This week Ilhan Omar, a Democratic congresswoman from Minnesota, had to apologise for peddling anti-Semitic tropes. The trickiest balance is over how to counter the radicalisation of Muslims, whether online or in prisons. This often involves vulnerable young people becoming more devout before turning to violence. But there are signs of progress. Although young Muslims are conservative by the standards of Western society (eg, on gay schoolteachers), they are more liberal than their elders.
對于社會保守主義，與其干涉教條，不如爭辯、說服。這可能引起激烈爭論。本周，來自明尼蘇達州的民主黨國會女議員伊爾汗·奧馬爾，不得不為散布反猶太主義言論道歉。如何對抗穆斯林在網上或監獄的激進化是很難達到的平衡。牽涉其中的脆弱年輕人在訴諸暴力之前變得更加虔誠。但也有進步的跡象。盡管按照西方社會標準，年輕的穆斯林是保守的（比如，關于同性戀教師），但是年輕一代比其長輩更開明。
Islam belongs to Western history and culture. Muslims have governed parts of Europe for 13 centuries; they helped kindle the Renaissance. If today’s varied and liberal form of Islam continues to flourish, it may even serve as an example of tolerance for the rest of the Muslim world.
伊斯蘭教屬于西方歷史文化。穆斯林統治歐洲部分地區已有13個世紀；并助燃了文藝復興。如果今天多樣化和自由主義的伊斯蘭教繼續蓬勃發展，甚至可能成為寬容其他穆斯林世界的一個例子。
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