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In any given week, about four dozen toddlers visit Dr. David Abramson's preschool-like clinic
在任意一個特定的時間里，大約有40多名蹣跚學步的孩子去參觀
at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.
紐約市紀念斯隆-凱特琳癌癥中心開設的大衛·艾布拉姆森醫生的類似學齡前兒童的診所。
And while most of them are barely old enough to speak,
雖然大多數孩子還沒到會說話的年紀，
because of Dr. Abramson and the groundbreaking medical procedure he has created
但是因為艾布拉姆森醫生設置的
for a rare and potentially deadly eye cancer called retinoblastoma, they can see.
稱為視網膜母細胞瘤罕見致命眼癌的開創性醫療程序，他們可以看到東西。
The technique Dr. Abramson pioneered is called ophthalmic artery chemosurgery (OAC),
艾布拉姆森醫生的首創技術稱為眼科動脈化療技術(OAC)，
and it involves delivering one fifth of a teaspoon of chemotherapy to a blood vessel in the eye.
治療過程包括將五分之一茶匙的化療送到眼睛的血管。
In the past, if the cancer didn't respond well to then--available treatments,
過去，如果癌癥沒有很好的治療措施——可用的治療方法，
survival required removing the cancerous eye—if the parents would allow that.
如果患者父母允許，需要切除癌變的眼睛。
Throughout Asia and -Africa, says Dr. Abramson, parents whose children have been diagnosed with retinoblastoma
艾布拉姆森醫生說，整個亞洲和非洲，孩子診斷為視網膜母細胞瘤，
will often choose to let their children die with their eyes intact rather than live without them and suffer the stigma of disfiguration.
父母寧愿孩子死掉保存眼睛的 完整，也不愿孩子活著沒有眼睛，飽受毀容的恥辱。
"This was a transformational change in our field," says Dr. Abramson, who began using the technique in 2006.
“這是該領域一大變革，”艾布拉姆森醫生說，2006年他開始投用這項技術。
groundbreaking 開創性的
Most of the images in UCLA's brain atlas are produced by a groundbreaking new technique called functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
大部分UCLA的大腦圖譜圖像都是由一個開創性的被稱作功能磁共振成像的新技術產生的。
