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In Shakespeare’s day, wishing a pox on someone was a terrible curse.
在莎士比亞時代，希望別人得天花是非常惡毒的詛咒。
Ten percent of the population in 17th century London died gruesomely of smallpox, a virus spread easily by airborne particles or contaminated clothing.
在17世紀的倫敦，有一成的人死于天花,這種病毒可通過空氣和被感染的衣物進行傳播。
Infection began with fever, aches, sneezing, and nausea.
感染后會逐漸出現發燒、疼痛、打噴嚏和惡心的癥狀。
Soon a rash of red dots appeared, often covering the skin with dripping scabs.
不久就會出現紅色斑丘疹，通常為覆蓋在皮膚上的滴痂。
Though some recovered, people could become blind, deaf, or severely scarred from smallpox.
盡管有人病愈，但是他們也會因此失聰、失明或留下嚴重的傷疤。
None of the physicians’ attempts to treat smallpox with sheep manure or a golden needle helped at all.
當時，所有的內科醫生嘗試用羊糞或金針治療天花，但是毫無作用。
But European peasants and traditional healers in Africa and Asia had discovered that exposure to a very small dose of the virus offered some protection.
不過，歐洲農民和非洲及亞洲的傳統醫師發現，攝入極少量天花病毒能讓人體具備一定的免疫功能。
Traditional healers inoculated scratches in the skin with a small amount of pus infected with smallpox.
傳統醫師通過給健康人士注射天花患者的少量膿液進行預防接種。
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