評論
打印
12.What is the "rule of law"?
12.什么是“法治”？
Answer: Everyone must follow the law; Leaders must obey the law; Government must obey the law; No one is above the law
答案：每個人都必須守法；無論是領導人還是政府部門都要守法；沒有人能凌駕于法律之上
Explanation: More than 800 years ago, in a city in England, a group of men got together to create a new kind of government.
解釋：八百多年前，在英國某座城市，一群人聚集一起創建了一種新型政府。
At the time, England was ruled by a king, but the king did not follow the same laws as the rest of the people.
英國那時由君主統治，但君主與其余的人遵守的法律不相同。
So these men wrote a document called the Magna Carta, which said that the king must obey (or follow) the same laws as everyone else.
因此這些人撰寫了名為《大憲章》的法律文件，里面規定君主與其他人一樣必須遵守相同的法律。
This idea we now call "the rule of law."
如今我們稱這樣的思想為“法治”。
Many years later, in 1787, the people who drafted (or planned in writing) the Constitution used the Magna Carta as part of its system of government for the new United States.
多年以后，在1787年，起草憲法的人把《大憲章》作為新的美國政府體系的一部分。
These people believed in a government for the people and by the people (or a government created and run by American citizens),
這些人認為政府應該由美國公民創建和領導，
so the rule of law was put in place (or established) to protect against totalitarianism (or a type of government in which almost everything is controlled by the government) or against mob rule (control of the government by a large group of people, usually using violence to get power).
因此用“法治”來防止極權主義（或者說是一種幾乎一切事情都由政府控制的政府)和暴民統治(政府由一大群人控制，他們通常使用暴力奪權）。
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