These institutions are standing in the way of innovation.
這些機構急需變革。
How many of you use Facebook photos, Google Photos, Instagram?
你們有多少人在用臉書相冊、谷歌照片、Instagram呢?
My photos are everywhere. They are on my phone, they're on my laptop, they're on my old phone, they're in Dropbox.
我的照片到處都是,比如手機、筆記本電腦、舊手機、Dropbox。
They're on all these different websites and services. And most of these services don't work together.
從這些各種各樣的網站、服務器上都可以找到我的照片。但大部分的網站卻沒有建立互相合作。
They don't inter-operate. And as a result, my photo library is a mess.
更不存在交互操作。結果可想而知,我的相冊全是亂糟糟的。
The same thing happens when institutions control the money supply.
同樣的情況也發生在貨幣控制機構。
A lot of these services don't inter-operate, and as a result, this blocks what we can do with payment.
很多這些服務商并沒有進行互相合作,這限制了我們付款行為。
And it makes transaction costs go up. So far, we've been through two phases of money.
這也使得交易費用的上漲。截至到現在,我們已經經歷了兩種貨幣形式。
In an analog world, we had to deal with these physical objects, and money moved at a certain speed -- the speed of humans.
在模擬世界里,我們不得不處理客觀物品,貨幣移動的速度也就是人們的速度。
In a digital world, money can reach much farther and is much faster, but we're at the mercy of these gatekeeper institutions.
但在數字世界,貨幣可以達到更遠的地方,速度也更快,但依舊受貨幣機構的控制。