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On the western border, Russia participated in the three, count them three, partitions of Poland: 1772, 1793, and 1795.
在西部邊界，俄羅斯參與了波蘭的三次瓜分，分別在1772，1793和1795年
Basically, the weakened Polish nation stood as a useful buffer between Prussia, Austria, and Russia.
基本上，被削弱的波蘭是普魯士，奧地利，和俄國之間的緩沖區
But Russia feared the Poles would go over to the Austrians or the Prussians.
但是俄國擔心波蘭人會去向奧地利人和普魯士人求援
The Austrians were afraid that the Poles, well, you get the picture!
而奧地利人則擔心波蘭人會，你們懂的
Yet, each state's Polish minority would cause constant headaches, and the Russians, I believe, suffered the worst ones of all.
但是，每個國家里的波蘭少數民族都會是持久的麻煩的，而俄國人，我相信，對這一點感受最深
Russian Poland was an exceedingly mixed blessing.
俄國的波蘭人對俄國來說既是福又是禍
Catherine was very active on the domestic front.
凱瑟琳在內政領域非?；钴S
She restructured the Russian state, dividing her empire into a new system of provinces and regions.
她重新組織了俄國的國家結構，把帝國劃分為新的省和地區
She awarded new rights to the nobility, which had primary responsibility for governing those provinces and regions.
授予貴族新的特權，他們對這些新劃分的省和地區有直接統治權
In fact, Catherine not only required Russia's peasants to fight in her wars,
實際上，凱瑟琳不僅要求俄國農民為她戰斗
but she required them to pay for the wars through increasingly heavy taxation.
而且還要求他們通過上交不斷增加的稅收支付戰爭開銷
One consequence was the Pugachev Rebellion of 1773-74.
這導致的結果之一就是1773到74年的普加喬夫起義
