評論
打印
358. The Lincoln and Douglas Debates, 1858.
358．林肯與道格拉斯的辯論（1858年）
The question of the re?lection of Douglas to the Senate now came before the people of Illinois. Abraham Lincoln stepped forward to contest the election with him. "A house divided against itself cannot stand," said Lincoln. "This government cannot endure half slave and half free… It will become all one thing or all the other." He challenged Douglas to debate the issues with him before the people, and Douglas accepted the challenge. Seven joint debates were held in the presence of immense crowds. Lincoln forced Douglas to defend the doctrine of "popular sovereignty." This Douglas did by declaring that the legislatures of the territories could make laws hostile to slavery. This idea, of course, was opposed to the Dred Scott decision. Douglas won the election and was returned to the Senate. But Lincoln had made a national reputation.
現(xiàn)在伊利諾斯州的人民要考慮道格拉斯在參議院的連任問題，亞伯拉罕o林肯走到前臺，他反對道格拉斯連任。"一個自身被分為幾個部分的房子不可能矗立"，林肯說，"這個政府不可能容忍一半是奴隸制而另一半是自由民……"他向道格拉斯發(fā)出挑戰(zhàn)，要他與自己在公眾面前辯論這些問題，道格拉斯接受了這個挑戰(zhàn)。他們在大庭廣眾之下進行了7場辯論，林肯迫使道格拉斯為"普通主權(quán)"這個信條辯護，道格拉斯為此的辯護是宣稱各地的立法機關(guān)可以制定與奴隸制敵對的法律。當(dāng)然，這個思想與對德萊德·斯科特的判決對立。道格拉斯在選舉中獲勝并重返參議院，但林肯在全國范圍內(nèi)贏得了聲譽。
359. "Bleeding Kansas."
359．"流血的堪薩斯"
Meantime civil war had broken out in Kansas, Slavery men attacked Lawrence, killed a few free-state settlers, and burned several buildings. Led by John Brown, an immigrant from New York, free-state men attacked a party of slave-state men and killed five of them. By 1857 the free-state voters had become so numerous that it was no longer possible to outvote them by bringing men from Missouri, and they chose a free-state legislature.
與此同時，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)在堪薩斯爆發(fā)，奴隸們進攻勞倫斯，他們殺死一些自由民州的殖民地居民，并燒掉一些建筑物。在紐約移民來的約翰·布朗的帶領(lǐng)下，主張自由民的人向一個主張奴隸制的人組織的聚會發(fā)動攻擊，殺死5人。到了1857年，主張自由民的投票者已經(jīng)變得如此眾多，幾乎不可能通過從密蘇里帶來人的方法以多數(shù)票擊敗他們，于是他們選擇一個主張自由民者的立法機關(guān)。
