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Chapter 34
第34章
The struggle for kansas
關于堪薩斯的紛爭
349. Pierce elected President, 1852.
349．皮爾斯當選總統（1852年）
It was now Campaign time for a new election. The Whigs had been successful with two old soldiers, so they thought they would try again with another soldier and nominated General Winfield Scott, the conqueror of Mexico. The Democrats also nominated a soldier, Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire, who had been in northern Mexico with Taylor. The Democrats and Whigs both said that they would stand by the Compromise of 1850. But many voters thought that there would be less danger of excitement with a Democrat in the White House and voted for Pierce for that reason. They soon found that they were terribly mistaken in their belief.
又到了新一輪大選的時候，輝格黨已經成功推出兩名老兵，因此他們想再次嘗試推出一名老兵，他們提名曾經征服墨西哥的溫菲爾德·斯科特將軍為總統。民主黨也提名一名老兵--來自新罕布什爾的富蘭克林·皮爾斯，此人曾經與泰勒一起在墨西哥北部戰斗。民主黨和輝格黨都說要遵守1850的《折中法案》，但是，許多投票者認為讓民主黨人入主白宮較為穩妥，因此他們選舉皮爾斯。很快，人們發現這是一個十分錯誤的選擇。
350. Douglas's Nebraska Bill.
350．道格拉斯的《內布拉斯加議案》
President Pierce began his term of office quietly enough. But in 1854 Senator Douglas of Illinois brought in a bill to organize the Territory of Nebraska. It will be remembered that in 1820 Missouri had been admitted to the Union as a slave state. In 1848 Iowa had been admitted as a free state. North of Iowa was the free Territory of Minnesota. Westward from Missouri, Iowa, and Minnesota was an immense region without any government of any kind. It all lay north of the compromise line of 1820, and had been forever devoted to freedom by that compromise.
總統皮爾斯十分低調地開始其任職，但是，1854年伊利諾斯的參議員道格拉斯提出一個要組建內布拉斯加地區的議案。應記得1820年密蘇里是作為一個有奴隸的州加入聯邦，1848年愛荷華作為一個自由州加入聯邦，愛荷華州以北是明尼蘇達的領土，也沒有奴隸存在。從密蘇里州、愛荷華州和明尼蘇達州往西是大片沒有政府管理的地區，這一地區處于1820年折中線以北，并且一直致力于根據這個折中獲得自由。
